Surprises from quenches in long-range-interacting systems: temperature inversion and cooling
What happens when one of the parameters governing the dynamics of a long-range interacting system of particles in thermal equilibrium is abruptly changed (quenched) to a different value? While a short-range system, under the same conditions, will relax in time to a new thermal equilibrium with a uni...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
IOP Publishing
2016-01-01
|
| Series: | New Journal of Physics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/18/10/103051 |
| _version_ | 1827873834477289472 |
|---|---|
| author | Shamik Gupta Lapo Casetti |
| author_facet | Shamik Gupta Lapo Casetti |
| author_sort | Shamik Gupta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | What happens when one of the parameters governing the dynamics of a long-range interacting system of particles in thermal equilibrium is abruptly changed (quenched) to a different value? While a short-range system, under the same conditions, will relax in time to a new thermal equilibrium with a uniform temperature across the system, a long-range system shows a fast relaxation to a non-equilibrium quasistationary state (QSS). The lifetime of such an off-equilibrium state diverges with the system size, and the temperature is non-uniform across the system. Quite surprisingly, the density profile in the QSS obtained after the quench is anticorrelated with the temperature profile in space, thus exhibiting the phenomenon of temperature inversion : denser regions are colder than sparser ones. We illustrate with extensive molecular dynamics simulations the ubiquity of this scenario in a prototypical long-range interacting system subject to a variety of quenching protocols, and in a model that mimics an experimental setup of atoms interacting with light in an optical cavity. We further demonstrate how a procedure of iterative quenching combined with filtering out the high-energy particles in the system may be employed to cool the system. Temperature inversion is observed in nature in some astrophysical settings; our results imply that such a phenomenon should be observable, and could even be exploitable to advantage, also in controlled laboratory experiments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T16:42:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6fc5b7e8b92f443fa76b984688846856 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1367-2630 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T16:42:31Z |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | New Journal of Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-6fc5b7e8b92f443fa76b9846888468562023-08-08T14:22:29ZengIOP PublishingNew Journal of Physics1367-26302016-01-01181010305110.1088/1367-2630/18/10/103051Surprises from quenches in long-range-interacting systems: temperature inversion and coolingShamik Gupta0Lapo Casetti1Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Komplexer Systeme, Nöthnitzer Straße 38, D-01187 Dresden, GermanyDipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia and CSDC, Università di Firenze, and INFN , sezione di Firenze, via G. Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, I-50125 Firenze, ItalyWhat happens when one of the parameters governing the dynamics of a long-range interacting system of particles in thermal equilibrium is abruptly changed (quenched) to a different value? While a short-range system, under the same conditions, will relax in time to a new thermal equilibrium with a uniform temperature across the system, a long-range system shows a fast relaxation to a non-equilibrium quasistationary state (QSS). The lifetime of such an off-equilibrium state diverges with the system size, and the temperature is non-uniform across the system. Quite surprisingly, the density profile in the QSS obtained after the quench is anticorrelated with the temperature profile in space, thus exhibiting the phenomenon of temperature inversion : denser regions are colder than sparser ones. We illustrate with extensive molecular dynamics simulations the ubiquity of this scenario in a prototypical long-range interacting system subject to a variety of quenching protocols, and in a model that mimics an experimental setup of atoms interacting with light in an optical cavity. We further demonstrate how a procedure of iterative quenching combined with filtering out the high-energy particles in the system may be employed to cool the system. Temperature inversion is observed in nature in some astrophysical settings; our results imply that such a phenomenon should be observable, and could even be exploitable to advantage, also in controlled laboratory experiments.https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/18/10/103051long-range interactionsquenchingVlasov equationquasi-stationary statestemperature inversion05.70.Ln |
| spellingShingle | Shamik Gupta Lapo Casetti Surprises from quenches in long-range-interacting systems: temperature inversion and cooling New Journal of Physics long-range interactions quenching Vlasov equation quasi-stationary states temperature inversion 05.70.Ln |
| title | Surprises from quenches in long-range-interacting systems: temperature inversion and cooling |
| title_full | Surprises from quenches in long-range-interacting systems: temperature inversion and cooling |
| title_fullStr | Surprises from quenches in long-range-interacting systems: temperature inversion and cooling |
| title_full_unstemmed | Surprises from quenches in long-range-interacting systems: temperature inversion and cooling |
| title_short | Surprises from quenches in long-range-interacting systems: temperature inversion and cooling |
| title_sort | surprises from quenches in long range interacting systems temperature inversion and cooling |
| topic | long-range interactions quenching Vlasov equation quasi-stationary states temperature inversion 05.70.Ln |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/18/10/103051 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shamikgupta surprisesfromquenchesinlongrangeinteractingsystemstemperatureinversionandcooling AT lapocasetti surprisesfromquenchesinlongrangeinteractingsystemstemperatureinversionandcooling |