The effect of breath-hold diving on selected adaptive mechanisms in the circulatory-respiratory system in simulated static and dynamic apnoea
Background: Current research results indicate high adaptation of an organism to long-term apnoea. Breathing techniques allow increasing the volume of the inhaled air and thus prolong the breath-hold time at rest and during physical effort. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of brea...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego i Sportu w Gdansku
2019-03-01
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| Series: | Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://bjhpa.journalstube.com/view/abstract/id/12623 |
| _version_ | 1818822374870482944 |
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| author | MAGDALENA SOLICH-TALANDA RAFAŁ MIKOŁAJCZYK ROBERT ROCZNIOK ALEKSANDRA ŻEBROWSKA |
| author_facet | MAGDALENA SOLICH-TALANDA RAFAŁ MIKOŁAJCZYK ROBERT ROCZNIOK ALEKSANDRA ŻEBROWSKA |
| author_sort | MAGDALENA SOLICH-TALANDA |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Current research results indicate high adaptation of an organism to long-term apnoea. Breathing techniques allow increasing the volume of the inhaled air and thus prolong the breath-hold time at rest and during physical effort. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of breath-hold on adaptations of the respiratory and circulatory systems and cardiopulmonary-respiratory reactions at rest and during physical effort in persons practising freediving.
Material and methods: The study involved 17 athletes practising breath-hold diving, at the mean age of 38.4 ±8.4 years. Spirometry tests to evaluate static and dynamic lung indicators were conducted. The heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation (SpO2), and the apnoea time in three breath-hold trials were measured: static dry STA-D, static with face immersed in water STA-I and dynamic (DYN-D).
Results: The values of spirometry indicators were higher than the normal values at the appropriate peak expiratory flow (91.6 ± 27.2%). A significant effect of breath-hold on the HR was demonstrated in the STA-D test (W = 0.43, at p < 0.05) and STA-I (W = 0.51, at p < 0.05). The mean breath-hold time was significantly lower in the dynamic trial DYN-D vs STA-D (p < 0.001) and in STA-D Ex vs STA-I (P < 0.001). Higher mean values of SpO2 were shown in DYN-D in comparison to STA-D (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that breath-hold training beneficially affects adaptation of the circulatory system, causing strong bradycardia and lower tolerance in response to prolonged apnoea during physical effort. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T23:23:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6fd01268ece14e29bbb8324776a6b5c2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2080-9999 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T23:23:05Z |
| publishDate | 2019-03-01 |
| publisher | Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego i Sportu w Gdansku |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity |
| spelling | doaj.art-6fd01268ece14e29bbb8324776a6b5c22022-12-21T20:47:54ZengAkademia Wychowania Fizycznego i Sportu w GdanskuBaltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity2080-99992019-03-0111171710.29359/BJHPA.11.1.01The effect of breath-hold diving on selected adaptive mechanisms in the circulatory-respiratory system in simulated static and dynamic apnoeaMAGDALENA SOLICH-TALANDA0RAFAŁ MIKOŁAJCZYK1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6701-1239ROBERT ROCZNIOK2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6551-9151ALEKSANDRA ŻEBROWSKA3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7446-528XDepartment of Physiological and Medical Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in KatowiceDepartment of Physiological and Medical Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in KatowiceDepartment of Sports Theory, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in KatowiceDepartment of Physiological and Medical Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in KatowiceBackground: Current research results indicate high adaptation of an organism to long-term apnoea. Breathing techniques allow increasing the volume of the inhaled air and thus prolong the breath-hold time at rest and during physical effort. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of breath-hold on adaptations of the respiratory and circulatory systems and cardiopulmonary-respiratory reactions at rest and during physical effort in persons practising freediving. Material and methods: The study involved 17 athletes practising breath-hold diving, at the mean age of 38.4 ±8.4 years. Spirometry tests to evaluate static and dynamic lung indicators were conducted. The heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation (SpO2), and the apnoea time in three breath-hold trials were measured: static dry STA-D, static with face immersed in water STA-I and dynamic (DYN-D). Results: The values of spirometry indicators were higher than the normal values at the appropriate peak expiratory flow (91.6 ± 27.2%). A significant effect of breath-hold on the HR was demonstrated in the STA-D test (W = 0.43, at p < 0.05) and STA-I (W = 0.51, at p < 0.05). The mean breath-hold time was significantly lower in the dynamic trial DYN-D vs STA-D (p < 0.001) and in STA-D Ex vs STA-I (P < 0.001). Higher mean values of SpO2 were shown in DYN-D in comparison to STA-D (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that breath-hold training beneficially affects adaptation of the circulatory system, causing strong bradycardia and lower tolerance in response to prolonged apnoea during physical effort.http://bjhpa.journalstube.com/view/abstract/id/12623freedivingspirometryheart rateapnoeaexercise |
| spellingShingle | MAGDALENA SOLICH-TALANDA RAFAŁ MIKOŁAJCZYK ROBERT ROCZNIOK ALEKSANDRA ŻEBROWSKA The effect of breath-hold diving on selected adaptive mechanisms in the circulatory-respiratory system in simulated static and dynamic apnoea Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity freediving spirometry heart rate apnoea exercise |
| title | The effect of breath-hold diving on selected adaptive mechanisms in the circulatory-respiratory system in simulated static and dynamic apnoea |
| title_full | The effect of breath-hold diving on selected adaptive mechanisms in the circulatory-respiratory system in simulated static and dynamic apnoea |
| title_fullStr | The effect of breath-hold diving on selected adaptive mechanisms in the circulatory-respiratory system in simulated static and dynamic apnoea |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effect of breath-hold diving on selected adaptive mechanisms in the circulatory-respiratory system in simulated static and dynamic apnoea |
| title_short | The effect of breath-hold diving on selected adaptive mechanisms in the circulatory-respiratory system in simulated static and dynamic apnoea |
| title_sort | effect of breath hold diving on selected adaptive mechanisms in the circulatory respiratory system in simulated static and dynamic apnoea |
| topic | freediving spirometry heart rate apnoea exercise |
| url | http://bjhpa.journalstube.com/view/abstract/id/12623 |
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