Prevalence of Hypercholesterolemia and Awareness of Risk Factors, Prevention and Management Among Adults Visiting Referral Hospital in Ethiopia
Aychew Kassa Belete,1 Abebe Tarekegn Kassaw,2 Bantie Getnet Yirsaw,3 Birhan Ambachew Taye,3 Samueal Nigatie Ambaw,1 Biset Asrade Mekonnen,4 Ashenafi Kibret Sendekie5 1Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Natural and Computational Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia; 2Department of Pharma...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Dove Medical Press
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Vascular Health and Risk Management |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/prevalence-of-hypercholesterolemia-and-awareness-of-risk-factors-preve-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-VHRM |
| _version_ | 1827976170635788288 |
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| author | Belete AK Kassaw AT Yirsaw BG Taye BA Ambaw SN Mekonnen BA Sendekie AK |
| author_facet | Belete AK Kassaw AT Yirsaw BG Taye BA Ambaw SN Mekonnen BA Sendekie AK |
| author_sort | Belete AK |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aychew Kassa Belete,1 Abebe Tarekegn Kassaw,2 Bantie Getnet Yirsaw,3 Birhan Ambachew Taye,3 Samueal Nigatie Ambaw,1 Biset Asrade Mekonnen,4 Ashenafi Kibret Sendekie5 1Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Natural and Computational Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia; 2Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia; 3Department of Statistics, Faculty of Natural and Computational Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia; 4Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; 5Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Ashenafi Kibret Sendekie, Email ashenafikib0960@gmail.comBackground: Unhealthy lifestyles and physical inactivity are among the contributing factors of hypercholesterolemia. This study assessed the prevalence, awareness of risk factors, and prevention and treatment of hypercholesterolemia among adults who visited Woldia referral hospital, Northeast Ethiopia.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among adults who visited Woldia referral hospital from May to August 2022. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire through a face-to-face interview and patient medical record review. Logistic regression analysis was employed to determine the association between hypercholesterolemia and other variables. A p-value at a 95% confidence level was statistically significant.Results: A total of 1180 eligible adults were included in the study. The magnitude of hypercholesterolemia was 26.4%. The majority of the respondents were aware of some risk factors, such as higher fat intake (82.3%), obesity (67.2%), and lack of adequate exercise (56.1%). However, the majority of the respondents were not aware that smoking, alcohol consumption, and age (86.8% for all) had cardiovascular risk. The majority of the respondents were aware that eating a limited amount of saturated fat (56.5%), maintaining a healthy weight (67.2%), and taking prescribed medications properly (86.8%) can prevent the risk of hypercholesterolemia. However, a larger proportion of respondents were unaware that smoking cessation (86.8%), exercise (55.3%), alcohol restriction (86.8%), and stress avoidance (75.3%) can prevent cardiovascular risks. Age (p = 0.036), smoking (p = 0.007), alcohol use (p = 0.013), fruit consumption (p = 0.019), saturated oil use (p = 0.031), level of physical activity (p < 0.001), and body mass index (p = 0.03) were significantly associated with hypercholesterolemia.Conclusion: This study concluded that more than one-fourth of adults had hypercholesterolemia. The majority of the respondents did not have an awareness of common cardiovascular risk factors and prevention and treatment techniques regarding unhealthy lifestyles and physical inactivity.Keywords: hypercholesterolemia, cholesterol, dyslipidemia, awareness, prevention, risk factors |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T20:31:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6fdeb4fcca954a86b0b9691f3421e538 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1178-2048 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T20:31:08Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vascular Health and Risk Management |
| spelling | doaj.art-6fdeb4fcca954a86b0b9691f3421e5382023-03-30T18:13:14ZengDove Medical PressVascular Health and Risk Management1178-20482023-03-01Volume 1918119182663Prevalence of Hypercholesterolemia and Awareness of Risk Factors, Prevention and Management Among Adults Visiting Referral Hospital in EthiopiaBelete AKKassaw ATYirsaw BGTaye BAAmbaw SNMekonnen BASendekie AKAychew Kassa Belete,1 Abebe Tarekegn Kassaw,2 Bantie Getnet Yirsaw,3 Birhan Ambachew Taye,3 Samueal Nigatie Ambaw,1 Biset Asrade Mekonnen,4 Ashenafi Kibret Sendekie5 1Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Natural and Computational Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia; 2Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia; 3Department of Statistics, Faculty of Natural and Computational Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia; 4Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; 5Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Ashenafi Kibret Sendekie, Email ashenafikib0960@gmail.comBackground: Unhealthy lifestyles and physical inactivity are among the contributing factors of hypercholesterolemia. This study assessed the prevalence, awareness of risk factors, and prevention and treatment of hypercholesterolemia among adults who visited Woldia referral hospital, Northeast Ethiopia.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among adults who visited Woldia referral hospital from May to August 2022. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire through a face-to-face interview and patient medical record review. Logistic regression analysis was employed to determine the association between hypercholesterolemia and other variables. A p-value at a 95% confidence level was statistically significant.Results: A total of 1180 eligible adults were included in the study. The magnitude of hypercholesterolemia was 26.4%. The majority of the respondents were aware of some risk factors, such as higher fat intake (82.3%), obesity (67.2%), and lack of adequate exercise (56.1%). However, the majority of the respondents were not aware that smoking, alcohol consumption, and age (86.8% for all) had cardiovascular risk. The majority of the respondents were aware that eating a limited amount of saturated fat (56.5%), maintaining a healthy weight (67.2%), and taking prescribed medications properly (86.8%) can prevent the risk of hypercholesterolemia. However, a larger proportion of respondents were unaware that smoking cessation (86.8%), exercise (55.3%), alcohol restriction (86.8%), and stress avoidance (75.3%) can prevent cardiovascular risks. Age (p = 0.036), smoking (p = 0.007), alcohol use (p = 0.013), fruit consumption (p = 0.019), saturated oil use (p = 0.031), level of physical activity (p < 0.001), and body mass index (p = 0.03) were significantly associated with hypercholesterolemia.Conclusion: This study concluded that more than one-fourth of adults had hypercholesterolemia. The majority of the respondents did not have an awareness of common cardiovascular risk factors and prevention and treatment techniques regarding unhealthy lifestyles and physical inactivity.Keywords: hypercholesterolemia, cholesterol, dyslipidemia, awareness, prevention, risk factorshttps://www.dovepress.com/prevalence-of-hypercholesterolemia-and-awareness-of-risk-factors-preve-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-VHRMhypercholesterolemiacholesteroldyslipidemiaawarenesspreventionrisk factors |
| spellingShingle | Belete AK Kassaw AT Yirsaw BG Taye BA Ambaw SN Mekonnen BA Sendekie AK Prevalence of Hypercholesterolemia and Awareness of Risk Factors, Prevention and Management Among Adults Visiting Referral Hospital in Ethiopia Vascular Health and Risk Management hypercholesterolemia cholesterol dyslipidemia awareness prevention risk factors |
| title | Prevalence of Hypercholesterolemia and Awareness of Risk Factors, Prevention and Management Among Adults Visiting Referral Hospital in Ethiopia |
| title_full | Prevalence of Hypercholesterolemia and Awareness of Risk Factors, Prevention and Management Among Adults Visiting Referral Hospital in Ethiopia |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of Hypercholesterolemia and Awareness of Risk Factors, Prevention and Management Among Adults Visiting Referral Hospital in Ethiopia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of Hypercholesterolemia and Awareness of Risk Factors, Prevention and Management Among Adults Visiting Referral Hospital in Ethiopia |
| title_short | Prevalence of Hypercholesterolemia and Awareness of Risk Factors, Prevention and Management Among Adults Visiting Referral Hospital in Ethiopia |
| title_sort | prevalence of hypercholesterolemia and awareness of risk factors prevention and management among adults visiting referral hospital in ethiopia |
| topic | hypercholesterolemia cholesterol dyslipidemia awareness prevention risk factors |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/prevalence-of-hypercholesterolemia-and-awareness-of-risk-factors-preve-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-VHRM |
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