Minimum Infective Dose of a Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Field Strain from North Macedonia
Infection with <i>Lumpy Skin Disease virus</i> (LSDV), as well as infections with other Capripox virus species, are described as the most severe pox diseases of production animals and are therefore listed as notifiable diseases under the guidelines of the World Organization for Animal He...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/7/768 |
| _version_ | 1797562264790761472 |
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| author | Janika Wolff Kiril Krstevski Martin Beer Bernd Hoffmann |
| author_facet | Janika Wolff Kiril Krstevski Martin Beer Bernd Hoffmann |
| author_sort | Janika Wolff |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Infection with <i>Lumpy Skin Disease virus</i> (LSDV), as well as infections with other Capripox virus species, are described as the most severe pox diseases of production animals and are therefore listed as notifiable diseases under the guidelines of the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). To our knowledge there is only a single study examining dose dependency, clinical course, viremia, virus shedding, as well as serological response following experimental LSDV “Neethling” inoculation. Here, we inoculated cattle with four different doses of LSDV strain “Macedonia2016”, a recently characterized virulent LSDV field strain, and examined clinical symptoms, viremia, viral shedding, and seroconversion. Interestingly, around 400 cell culture infectious dose<sub>50</sub> (CCID<sub>50</sub>) of LSDV-“Macedonia2016” were sufficient to induce generalized Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) in two out of six cattle but with a different incubation time, whereas the other animals of this group showed only a mild course of LSD. However, differences in incubation time, viral loads, serology, and in the clinical scoring could not be observed in the other three groups. In summary, we concluded that experimental LSDV infection of cattle with an infectious virus titer of 10<sup>5</sup> to 10<sup>6</sup> CCID<sub>50</sub>/<sub>mL</sub> of “Macedonia2016” provides a robust and sufficient challenge model for future studies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:26:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6feb03dd1679490c83e4391941883c8e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:26:44Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-6feb03dd1679490c83e4391941883c8e2023-11-20T06:58:50ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152020-07-0112776810.3390/v12070768Minimum Infective Dose of a Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Field Strain from North MacedoniaJanika Wolff0Kiril Krstevski1Martin Beer2Bernd Hoffmann3Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, D-17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, GermanyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” Skopje, Lazar Pop Trajkov 5–7, 1000 Skopje, North MacedoniaInstitute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, D-17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, GermanyInstitute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, D-17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, GermanyInfection with <i>Lumpy Skin Disease virus</i> (LSDV), as well as infections with other Capripox virus species, are described as the most severe pox diseases of production animals and are therefore listed as notifiable diseases under the guidelines of the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). To our knowledge there is only a single study examining dose dependency, clinical course, viremia, virus shedding, as well as serological response following experimental LSDV “Neethling” inoculation. Here, we inoculated cattle with four different doses of LSDV strain “Macedonia2016”, a recently characterized virulent LSDV field strain, and examined clinical symptoms, viremia, viral shedding, and seroconversion. Interestingly, around 400 cell culture infectious dose<sub>50</sub> (CCID<sub>50</sub>) of LSDV-“Macedonia2016” were sufficient to induce generalized Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) in two out of six cattle but with a different incubation time, whereas the other animals of this group showed only a mild course of LSD. However, differences in incubation time, viral loads, serology, and in the clinical scoring could not be observed in the other three groups. In summary, we concluded that experimental LSDV infection of cattle with an infectious virus titer of 10<sup>5</sup> to 10<sup>6</sup> CCID<sub>50</sub>/<sub>mL</sub> of “Macedonia2016” provides a robust and sufficient challenge model for future studies.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/7/768CapripoxLumpy Skin DiseaseLSDVminimum infective doseexperimental inoculationfield strain |
| spellingShingle | Janika Wolff Kiril Krstevski Martin Beer Bernd Hoffmann Minimum Infective Dose of a Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Field Strain from North Macedonia Viruses Capripox Lumpy Skin Disease LSDV minimum infective dose experimental inoculation field strain |
| title | Minimum Infective Dose of a Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Field Strain from North Macedonia |
| title_full | Minimum Infective Dose of a Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Field Strain from North Macedonia |
| title_fullStr | Minimum Infective Dose of a Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Field Strain from North Macedonia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Minimum Infective Dose of a Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Field Strain from North Macedonia |
| title_short | Minimum Infective Dose of a Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Field Strain from North Macedonia |
| title_sort | minimum infective dose of a lumpy skin disease virus field strain from north macedonia |
| topic | Capripox Lumpy Skin Disease LSDV minimum infective dose experimental inoculation field strain |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/7/768 |
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