Assessment of Geopolymer Concrete for Underwater Concreting Properties
For ages, concrete has been used to construct underwater structures. Concrete laying underwater is a very complex procedure important to the success or failure of underwater projects. This paper elucidates the influence of alkali activator ratios on geopolymers for underwater concreting; focusing on...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Polish Academy of Sciences
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Archives of Metallurgy and Materials |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journals.pan.pl/Content/123307/PDF/AMM-2022-2-37-Al%20Bakri.pdf |
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| author | Fakhryna Hannanee Ahmad Zaidi Romisuhani Ahmad Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah Wan Mastura Wan Ibrahim Ikmal Hakem Aziz Subaer Junaidi Salmabanu Luhar |
| author_facet | Fakhryna Hannanee Ahmad Zaidi Romisuhani Ahmad Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah Wan Mastura Wan Ibrahim Ikmal Hakem Aziz Subaer Junaidi Salmabanu Luhar |
| author_sort | Fakhryna Hannanee Ahmad Zaidi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | For ages, concrete has been used to construct underwater structures. Concrete laying underwater is a very complex procedure important to the success or failure of underwater projects. This paper elucidates the influence of alkali activator ratios on geopolymers for underwater concreting; focusing on the geopolymer concrete synthesized from fly ash and kaolin activated using sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate solutions. The geopolymer mixtures were designed to incorporate multiple alkali activator ratios to evaluate their effects on the resulting geopolymers’ properties. The fresh concrete was molded into 50 mm cubes in seawater using the tremie method and tested for its engineering properties at 7 and 28 days (curing). The control geopolymer and underwater geopolymers’ mechanical properties, such as compressive strength, water absorption density, and setting time were also determined. The differences between the control geopolymer and underwater geopolymer were determined using phase analysis and functional group analysis. The results show that the geopolymer samples were optimally strengthened at a 2.5 alkali activator ratio, and the mechanical properties of the control geopolymer exceeded that of the underwater geopolymer. However, the underwater geopolymer was determined to be suitable for use as underwater concreting material as it retains 70% strength of the control geopolymer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T10:53:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-70008de0e71e473890eb15f8ae528f0f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2300-1909 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T10:53:25Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Polish Academy of Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Archives of Metallurgy and Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-70008de0e71e473890eb15f8ae528f0f2022-12-22T02:49:35ZengPolish Academy of SciencesArchives of Metallurgy and Materials2300-19092022-06-01vol. 67No 2677684https://doi.org/10.24425/amm.2022.137805Assessment of Geopolymer Concrete for Underwater Concreting PropertiesFakhryna Hannanee Ahmad Zaidi0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7355-7641Romisuhani Ahmad1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2232-6426Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9779-8586Wan Mastura Wan Ibrahim3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9537-9193Ikmal Hakem Aziz4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2152-8918Subaer Junaidi5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0307-5396Salmabanu Luhar6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1129-2825Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Sungai Chuchuh, 02100 Padang Besar, Perlis, MalaysiaUniversiti Malaysia Perlis, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Sungai Chuchuh, 02100 Padang Besar, Perlis, MalaysiaUniversiti Malaysia Perlis, Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Taman Muhibbah, 02600 Jejawi, Arau, Perlis, MalaysiaUniversiti Malaysia Perlis, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Sungai Chuchuh, 02100 Padang Besar, Perlis, MalaysiaUniversiti Malaysia Perlis, Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Taman Muhibbah, 02600 Jejawi, Arau, Perlis, MalaysiaUniversitas Negeri Makassar, Geopolymer & Green Material Group, Physics Department, FMIPA, IndonesiaFrederick Research Center, P.O Box 24729, 1303 Nicosia, CyprusFor ages, concrete has been used to construct underwater structures. Concrete laying underwater is a very complex procedure important to the success or failure of underwater projects. This paper elucidates the influence of alkali activator ratios on geopolymers for underwater concreting; focusing on the geopolymer concrete synthesized from fly ash and kaolin activated using sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate solutions. The geopolymer mixtures were designed to incorporate multiple alkali activator ratios to evaluate their effects on the resulting geopolymers’ properties. The fresh concrete was molded into 50 mm cubes in seawater using the tremie method and tested for its engineering properties at 7 and 28 days (curing). The control geopolymer and underwater geopolymers’ mechanical properties, such as compressive strength, water absorption density, and setting time were also determined. The differences between the control geopolymer and underwater geopolymer were determined using phase analysis and functional group analysis. The results show that the geopolymer samples were optimally strengthened at a 2.5 alkali activator ratio, and the mechanical properties of the control geopolymer exceeded that of the underwater geopolymer. However, the underwater geopolymer was determined to be suitable for use as underwater concreting material as it retains 70% strength of the control geopolymer.https://journals.pan.pl/Content/123307/PDF/AMM-2022-2-37-Al%20Bakri.pdfgeopolymerunderwater concretefly ashkaolin |
| spellingShingle | Fakhryna Hannanee Ahmad Zaidi Romisuhani Ahmad Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah Wan Mastura Wan Ibrahim Ikmal Hakem Aziz Subaer Junaidi Salmabanu Luhar Assessment of Geopolymer Concrete for Underwater Concreting Properties Archives of Metallurgy and Materials geopolymer underwater concrete fly ash kaolin |
| title | Assessment of Geopolymer Concrete for Underwater Concreting Properties |
| title_full | Assessment of Geopolymer Concrete for Underwater Concreting Properties |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of Geopolymer Concrete for Underwater Concreting Properties |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of Geopolymer Concrete for Underwater Concreting Properties |
| title_short | Assessment of Geopolymer Concrete for Underwater Concreting Properties |
| title_sort | assessment of geopolymer concrete for underwater concreting properties |
| topic | geopolymer underwater concrete fly ash kaolin |
| url | https://journals.pan.pl/Content/123307/PDF/AMM-2022-2-37-Al%20Bakri.pdf |
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