Current Understanding of Potential Linkages between Biocide Tolerance and Antibiotic Cross-Resistance
Antimicrobials (e.g., antibiotics and biocides) are invaluable chemicals used to control microbes in numerous contexts. Because of the simultaneous use of antibiotics and biocides, questions have arisen as to whether environments commonly treated with biocides (e.g., hospitals, food processing, wast...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-08-01
|
| Series: | Microorganisms |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/8/2000 |
| _version_ | 1797583765264924672 |
|---|---|
| author | Kent Coombs Cristina Rodriguez-Quijada Jason O. Clevenger Alexis F. Sauer-Budge |
| author_facet | Kent Coombs Cristina Rodriguez-Quijada Jason O. Clevenger Alexis F. Sauer-Budge |
| author_sort | Kent Coombs |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Antimicrobials (e.g., antibiotics and biocides) are invaluable chemicals used to control microbes in numerous contexts. Because of the simultaneous use of antibiotics and biocides, questions have arisen as to whether environments commonly treated with biocides (e.g., hospitals, food processing, wastewater, agriculture, etc.) could act as a reservoir for the development of antibiotic cross-resistance. Theoretically, cross-resistance could occur if the mechanism of bacterial tolerance to biocides also resulted in antibiotic resistance. On the other hand, biocides would likely present a higher evolutionary barrier to the development of resistance given the different modes of action between biocides and antibiotics and the broad-based physicochemical effects associated with most biocides. Published studies have shown that the induction of biocide tolerance in a laboratory can result in cross-resistance to some antibiotics, most commonly hypothesized to be due to efflux pump upregulation. However, testing of environmental isolates for biocide tolerance and antibiotic cross-resistance has yielded conflicting results, potentially due to the lack of standardized testing. In this review, we aim to describe the state of the science on the potential linkage between biocide tolerance and antibiotic cross-resistance. Questions still remain about whether the directed evolution of biocide tolerance and the associated antibiotic cross-resistance in a laboratory are or are not representative of real-world settings. Thus, research should continue to generate informative data to guide policies and preserve these tools’ utility and availability. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:42:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7007e42f30a7417f8cb31d1e600d7a44 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:42:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-7007e42f30a7417f8cb31d1e600d7a442023-11-19T02:17:29ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072023-08-01118200010.3390/microorganisms11082000Current Understanding of Potential Linkages between Biocide Tolerance and Antibiotic Cross-ResistanceKent Coombs0Cristina Rodriguez-Quijada1Jason O. Clevenger2Alexis F. Sauer-Budge3Exponent, Inc., Biomedical Engineering & Sciences, Natick, MA 01760, USAExponent, Inc., Biomedical Engineering & Sciences, Natick, MA 01760, USAExponent, Inc., Biomedical Engineering & Sciences, Natick, MA 01760, USAExponent, Inc., Biomedical Engineering & Sciences, Natick, MA 01760, USAAntimicrobials (e.g., antibiotics and biocides) are invaluable chemicals used to control microbes in numerous contexts. Because of the simultaneous use of antibiotics and biocides, questions have arisen as to whether environments commonly treated with biocides (e.g., hospitals, food processing, wastewater, agriculture, etc.) could act as a reservoir for the development of antibiotic cross-resistance. Theoretically, cross-resistance could occur if the mechanism of bacterial tolerance to biocides also resulted in antibiotic resistance. On the other hand, biocides would likely present a higher evolutionary barrier to the development of resistance given the different modes of action between biocides and antibiotics and the broad-based physicochemical effects associated with most biocides. Published studies have shown that the induction of biocide tolerance in a laboratory can result in cross-resistance to some antibiotics, most commonly hypothesized to be due to efflux pump upregulation. However, testing of environmental isolates for biocide tolerance and antibiotic cross-resistance has yielded conflicting results, potentially due to the lack of standardized testing. In this review, we aim to describe the state of the science on the potential linkage between biocide tolerance and antibiotic cross-resistance. Questions still remain about whether the directed evolution of biocide tolerance and the associated antibiotic cross-resistance in a laboratory are or are not representative of real-world settings. Thus, research should continue to generate informative data to guide policies and preserve these tools’ utility and availability.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/8/2000antimicrobialbiocide toleranceantibiotic cross-resistance |
| spellingShingle | Kent Coombs Cristina Rodriguez-Quijada Jason O. Clevenger Alexis F. Sauer-Budge Current Understanding of Potential Linkages between Biocide Tolerance and Antibiotic Cross-Resistance Microorganisms antimicrobial biocide tolerance antibiotic cross-resistance |
| title | Current Understanding of Potential Linkages between Biocide Tolerance and Antibiotic Cross-Resistance |
| title_full | Current Understanding of Potential Linkages between Biocide Tolerance and Antibiotic Cross-Resistance |
| title_fullStr | Current Understanding of Potential Linkages between Biocide Tolerance and Antibiotic Cross-Resistance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Current Understanding of Potential Linkages between Biocide Tolerance and Antibiotic Cross-Resistance |
| title_short | Current Understanding of Potential Linkages between Biocide Tolerance and Antibiotic Cross-Resistance |
| title_sort | current understanding of potential linkages between biocide tolerance and antibiotic cross resistance |
| topic | antimicrobial biocide tolerance antibiotic cross-resistance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/8/2000 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kentcoombs currentunderstandingofpotentiallinkagesbetweenbiocidetoleranceandantibioticcrossresistance AT cristinarodriguezquijada currentunderstandingofpotentiallinkagesbetweenbiocidetoleranceandantibioticcrossresistance AT jasonoclevenger currentunderstandingofpotentiallinkagesbetweenbiocidetoleranceandantibioticcrossresistance AT alexisfsauerbudge currentunderstandingofpotentiallinkagesbetweenbiocidetoleranceandantibioticcrossresistance |