Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics, Diagnostic Work Up, and Treatment Options of <i>Leishmania</i> Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review
Current knowledge on <i>Leishmania</i> infection after kidney transplantation (KT) is limited. In order to offer a comprehensive guide for the management of post-transplant Leishmaniasis, we performed a systematic review following the latest PRISMA Checklist and using PubMed, Scopus, and...
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease |
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| author | Evaldo Favi Giuliano Santolamazza Francesco Botticelli Carlo Alfieri Serena Delbue Roberto Cacciola Andrea Guarneri Mariano Ferraresso |
| author_facet | Evaldo Favi Giuliano Santolamazza Francesco Botticelli Carlo Alfieri Serena Delbue Roberto Cacciola Andrea Guarneri Mariano Ferraresso |
| author_sort | Evaldo Favi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Current knowledge on <i>Leishmania</i> infection after kidney transplantation (KT) is limited. In order to offer a comprehensive guide for the management of post-transplant Leishmaniasis, we performed a systematic review following the latest PRISMA Checklist and using PubMed, Scopus, and Embase as databases. No time restrictions were applied, including all English-edited articles on Leishmaniasis in KT recipients. Selected items were assessed for methodological quality using a modified Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Given the nature and quality of the studies (case reports and retrospective uncontrolled case series), data could not be meta-analyzed. A descriptive summary was therefore provided. Eventually, we selected 70 studies, describing a total of 159 cases of Leishmaniasis. Most of the patients were adult, male, and Caucasian. Furthermore, they were frequently living or travelling to endemic regions. The onset of the disease was variable, but more often in the late transplant course. The clinical features were basically similar to those reported in the general population. However, a generalized delay in diagnosis and treatment could be detected. Bone marrow aspiration was the preferred diagnostic modality. The main treatment options included pentavalent antimonial and liposomal amphotericin B, both showing mixed results. Overall, the outcomes appeared as concerning, with several patients dying or losing their transplant. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:24:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-700e9ebed2e9420ebe022e4238b8a086 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2414-6366 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:24:55Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-700e9ebed2e9420ebe022e4238b8a0862023-11-24T02:59:53ZengMDPI AGTropical Medicine and Infectious Disease2414-63662022-09-0171025810.3390/tropicalmed7100258Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics, Diagnostic Work Up, and Treatment Options of <i>Leishmania</i> Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Systematic ReviewEvaldo Favi0Giuliano Santolamazza1Francesco Botticelli2Carlo Alfieri3Serena Delbue4Roberto Cacciola5Andrea Guarneri6Mariano Ferraresso7Kidney Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, ItalyKidney Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, ItalyKidney Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, ItalySurgery, King Salman Armed Forces Hospital, Tabuk 47512, Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, ItalyKidney Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, ItalyCurrent knowledge on <i>Leishmania</i> infection after kidney transplantation (KT) is limited. In order to offer a comprehensive guide for the management of post-transplant Leishmaniasis, we performed a systematic review following the latest PRISMA Checklist and using PubMed, Scopus, and Embase as databases. No time restrictions were applied, including all English-edited articles on Leishmaniasis in KT recipients. Selected items were assessed for methodological quality using a modified Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Given the nature and quality of the studies (case reports and retrospective uncontrolled case series), data could not be meta-analyzed. A descriptive summary was therefore provided. Eventually, we selected 70 studies, describing a total of 159 cases of Leishmaniasis. Most of the patients were adult, male, and Caucasian. Furthermore, they were frequently living or travelling to endemic regions. The onset of the disease was variable, but more often in the late transplant course. The clinical features were basically similar to those reported in the general population. However, a generalized delay in diagnosis and treatment could be detected. Bone marrow aspiration was the preferred diagnostic modality. The main treatment options included pentavalent antimonial and liposomal amphotericin B, both showing mixed results. Overall, the outcomes appeared as concerning, with several patients dying or losing their transplant.https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/7/10/258<i>Leishmania</i>Leishmaniasiskidney transplantallograftinfectiontreatment |
| spellingShingle | Evaldo Favi Giuliano Santolamazza Francesco Botticelli Carlo Alfieri Serena Delbue Roberto Cacciola Andrea Guarneri Mariano Ferraresso Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics, Diagnostic Work Up, and Treatment Options of <i>Leishmania</i> Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease <i>Leishmania</i> Leishmaniasis kidney transplant allograft infection treatment |
| title | Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics, Diagnostic Work Up, and Treatment Options of <i>Leishmania</i> Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review |
| title_full | Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics, Diagnostic Work Up, and Treatment Options of <i>Leishmania</i> Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review |
| title_fullStr | Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics, Diagnostic Work Up, and Treatment Options of <i>Leishmania</i> Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics, Diagnostic Work Up, and Treatment Options of <i>Leishmania</i> Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review |
| title_short | Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics, Diagnostic Work Up, and Treatment Options of <i>Leishmania</i> Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review |
| title_sort | epidemiology clinical characteristics diagnostic work up and treatment options of i leishmania i infection in kidney transplant recipients a systematic review |
| topic | <i>Leishmania</i> Leishmaniasis kidney transplant allograft infection treatment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/7/10/258 |
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