Associations of dichlorophenol with metabolic syndrome based on multivariate-adjusted logistic regression: a U.S. nationwide population-based study 2003-2016
Abstract Background Para-dichlorobenzene (p-DCB) exposure associated with oxidative stress has indeed raised public concerns. However, whether p-DCB is linked with metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains unclear. We hypothesized that higher exposure to p-DCB would be linked with a higher risk of MetS in t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Environmental Health |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-023-01037-z |
| _version_ | 1797388065300283392 |
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| author | Jing Cai Zhichao Yang Sen Zhao Xing Ke |
| author_facet | Jing Cai Zhichao Yang Sen Zhao Xing Ke |
| author_sort | Jing Cai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Para-dichlorobenzene (p-DCB) exposure associated with oxidative stress has indeed raised public concerns. However, whether p-DCB is linked with metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains unclear. We hypothesized that higher exposure to p-DCB would be linked with a higher risk of MetS in the U.S population. This study aimed to examine the associations of exposure to p-DCB with MetS prevalence. Methods We included 10,428 participants (5,084 men and 5,344 women), aged ≥ 20 years, from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2003–2016). The cases of MetS were diagnosed by NCEP/ATPIII. Logistic regression models were conducted to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of MetS prevalence. Moreover, the mix associations of p-DCB metabolites were assessed using quantile sum (WQS) regression and quantile g-computation (qgcomp) methods. Results We documented 2,861 (27.1%) MetS cases. After adjustment for the potential risk factors, the ORs (95% CI) of MetS prevalence across the quartile of urinary 2,5-dichlorophenol (2,5-DCP) were 1.09 (0.93-1.28), 1.22 (1.00-1.49), and 1.34 (1.04-1.73). Moreover, 2,5 DCP is significantly associated with a higher prevalence of abdominal obesity [ORQ4vsQ1 (95% CI): 1.23 (1.03-1.48)]. The WQS and qgcomp index also showed significant associations between p-DCB metabolites and MetS. Moreover, we further examined that 2,5 DCP was correlated with higher systolic blood pressure (r = 0.022, P = 0.027), waist circumference (r = 0.099, P < 0.001), and glycohemoglobin (r = 0.027, P = 0.008) and a lower high density cholesterol (r = -0.059, P < 0.001). In addition, the significant positive associations between 2,5 DCP and MetS were robust in the subgroup and sensitivity analyses. Conclusion These findings indicated that increased urinary p-DCB concentration, especially 2,5 DCP, had a higher MetS prevalence. These results should be interpreted cautiously and further research is warranted to validate our findings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T22:35:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7053faf0361e47c49d4ded79bc3417c3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1476-069X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T22:35:22Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
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| series | Environmental Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-7053faf0361e47c49d4ded79bc3417c32023-12-17T12:29:00ZengBMCEnvironmental Health1476-069X2023-12-0122111210.1186/s12940-023-01037-zAssociations of dichlorophenol with metabolic syndrome based on multivariate-adjusted logistic regression: a U.S. nationwide population-based study 2003-2016Jing Cai0Zhichao Yang1Sen Zhao2Xing Ke3Key Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Police CollegeKey Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Police CollegeKey Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Police CollegeKey Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Police CollegeAbstract Background Para-dichlorobenzene (p-DCB) exposure associated with oxidative stress has indeed raised public concerns. However, whether p-DCB is linked with metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains unclear. We hypothesized that higher exposure to p-DCB would be linked with a higher risk of MetS in the U.S population. This study aimed to examine the associations of exposure to p-DCB with MetS prevalence. Methods We included 10,428 participants (5,084 men and 5,344 women), aged ≥ 20 years, from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2003–2016). The cases of MetS were diagnosed by NCEP/ATPIII. Logistic regression models were conducted to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of MetS prevalence. Moreover, the mix associations of p-DCB metabolites were assessed using quantile sum (WQS) regression and quantile g-computation (qgcomp) methods. Results We documented 2,861 (27.1%) MetS cases. After adjustment for the potential risk factors, the ORs (95% CI) of MetS prevalence across the quartile of urinary 2,5-dichlorophenol (2,5-DCP) were 1.09 (0.93-1.28), 1.22 (1.00-1.49), and 1.34 (1.04-1.73). Moreover, 2,5 DCP is significantly associated with a higher prevalence of abdominal obesity [ORQ4vsQ1 (95% CI): 1.23 (1.03-1.48)]. The WQS and qgcomp index also showed significant associations between p-DCB metabolites and MetS. Moreover, we further examined that 2,5 DCP was correlated with higher systolic blood pressure (r = 0.022, P = 0.027), waist circumference (r = 0.099, P < 0.001), and glycohemoglobin (r = 0.027, P = 0.008) and a lower high density cholesterol (r = -0.059, P < 0.001). In addition, the significant positive associations between 2,5 DCP and MetS were robust in the subgroup and sensitivity analyses. Conclusion These findings indicated that increased urinary p-DCB concentration, especially 2,5 DCP, had a higher MetS prevalence. These results should be interpreted cautiously and further research is warranted to validate our findings.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-023-01037-zPara-dichlorobenzene2,5-dichlorophenolUrineMetabolic syndromePopulation-based study |
| spellingShingle | Jing Cai Zhichao Yang Sen Zhao Xing Ke Associations of dichlorophenol with metabolic syndrome based on multivariate-adjusted logistic regression: a U.S. nationwide population-based study 2003-2016 Environmental Health Para-dichlorobenzene 2,5-dichlorophenol Urine Metabolic syndrome Population-based study |
| title | Associations of dichlorophenol with metabolic syndrome based on multivariate-adjusted logistic regression: a U.S. nationwide population-based study 2003-2016 |
| title_full | Associations of dichlorophenol with metabolic syndrome based on multivariate-adjusted logistic regression: a U.S. nationwide population-based study 2003-2016 |
| title_fullStr | Associations of dichlorophenol with metabolic syndrome based on multivariate-adjusted logistic regression: a U.S. nationwide population-based study 2003-2016 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Associations of dichlorophenol with metabolic syndrome based on multivariate-adjusted logistic regression: a U.S. nationwide population-based study 2003-2016 |
| title_short | Associations of dichlorophenol with metabolic syndrome based on multivariate-adjusted logistic regression: a U.S. nationwide population-based study 2003-2016 |
| title_sort | associations of dichlorophenol with metabolic syndrome based on multivariate adjusted logistic regression a u s nationwide population based study 2003 2016 |
| topic | Para-dichlorobenzene 2,5-dichlorophenol Urine Metabolic syndrome Population-based study |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-023-01037-z |
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