Synergistic barrier effect of aluminum phosphate on flame retardant polypropylene based on ammonium polyphosphate/dipentaerythritol system
The synergistic barrier effect of aluminum phosphate (AlPO4) on the char-formation behavior of flame-retarded polypropylene (FR-PP) based on the ammonium polyphosphate (APP)/dipentaerythritol (DPER) system was investigated. The flame-retardant property and combustion behavior of FR-PP was studied by...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2019-11-01
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| Series: | Materials & Design |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S026412751930351X |
| _version_ | 1828324996096720896 |
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| author | Zhaolu Qin Rongjie Yang Wenchao Zhang Dinghua Li Qingjie Jiao |
| author_facet | Zhaolu Qin Rongjie Yang Wenchao Zhang Dinghua Li Qingjie Jiao |
| author_sort | Zhaolu Qin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The synergistic barrier effect of aluminum phosphate (AlPO4) on the char-formation behavior of flame-retarded polypropylene (FR-PP) based on the ammonium polyphosphate (APP)/dipentaerythritol (DPER) system was investigated. The flame-retardant property and combustion behavior of FR-PP was studied by means of the limiting‑oxygen index, UL 94 vertical burning and cone-calorimeter tests. Results indicate that the partial replacement of APP with AlPO4 in the FR-PP composites showed significant synergistic effects during combustion. The interactions between AlPO4 and APP were examined by means of thermogravimetry and thermogravimetry-Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analyses. FTIR spectra and X-ray diffraction spectra were obtained to detect residues of APP/AlPO4 mixtures at different temperatures. Scanning-electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry was used to analyze the condensed-phase residues from cone-calorimeter tests. Scanning-electron microscopy showed that the crystallized aluminum metaphosphate that was derived from the crystal transition of AlPO4 sealed the char residue surface and contributed to the formation of a more uniform and compact char. Thus, surface char with excellent barrier properties will protect the underlying polymer matrix from further degradation and combustion. Keywords: Intumescent flame-retardant polypropylene, Aluminum phosphate, Ammonium polyphosphate, Char formation behavior |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T19:14:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-705df43444d3419b83f46f76fb97e188 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0264-1275 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T19:14:39Z |
| publishDate | 2019-11-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials & Design |
| spelling | doaj.art-705df43444d3419b83f46f76fb97e1882022-12-22T02:33:42ZengElsevierMaterials & Design0264-12752019-11-01181Synergistic barrier effect of aluminum phosphate on flame retardant polypropylene based on ammonium polyphosphate/dipentaerythritol systemZhaolu Qin0Rongjie Yang1Wenchao Zhang2Dinghua Li3Qingjie Jiao4National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; Corresponding author.National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaSchool of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaThe synergistic barrier effect of aluminum phosphate (AlPO4) on the char-formation behavior of flame-retarded polypropylene (FR-PP) based on the ammonium polyphosphate (APP)/dipentaerythritol (DPER) system was investigated. The flame-retardant property and combustion behavior of FR-PP was studied by means of the limiting‑oxygen index, UL 94 vertical burning and cone-calorimeter tests. Results indicate that the partial replacement of APP with AlPO4 in the FR-PP composites showed significant synergistic effects during combustion. The interactions between AlPO4 and APP were examined by means of thermogravimetry and thermogravimetry-Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analyses. FTIR spectra and X-ray diffraction spectra were obtained to detect residues of APP/AlPO4 mixtures at different temperatures. Scanning-electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry was used to analyze the condensed-phase residues from cone-calorimeter tests. Scanning-electron microscopy showed that the crystallized aluminum metaphosphate that was derived from the crystal transition of AlPO4 sealed the char residue surface and contributed to the formation of a more uniform and compact char. Thus, surface char with excellent barrier properties will protect the underlying polymer matrix from further degradation and combustion. Keywords: Intumescent flame-retardant polypropylene, Aluminum phosphate, Ammonium polyphosphate, Char formation behaviorhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S026412751930351X |
| spellingShingle | Zhaolu Qin Rongjie Yang Wenchao Zhang Dinghua Li Qingjie Jiao Synergistic barrier effect of aluminum phosphate on flame retardant polypropylene based on ammonium polyphosphate/dipentaerythritol system Materials & Design |
| title | Synergistic barrier effect of aluminum phosphate on flame retardant polypropylene based on ammonium polyphosphate/dipentaerythritol system |
| title_full | Synergistic barrier effect of aluminum phosphate on flame retardant polypropylene based on ammonium polyphosphate/dipentaerythritol system |
| title_fullStr | Synergistic barrier effect of aluminum phosphate on flame retardant polypropylene based on ammonium polyphosphate/dipentaerythritol system |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synergistic barrier effect of aluminum phosphate on flame retardant polypropylene based on ammonium polyphosphate/dipentaerythritol system |
| title_short | Synergistic barrier effect of aluminum phosphate on flame retardant polypropylene based on ammonium polyphosphate/dipentaerythritol system |
| title_sort | synergistic barrier effect of aluminum phosphate on flame retardant polypropylene based on ammonium polyphosphate dipentaerythritol system |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S026412751930351X |
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