Exploring Health Impacts of Occupational Exposure to Carbon Monoxide in the Labour Community of Hattar Industrial Estate
This study was designed to assess the health impacts related to noninvasive carbon monoxide saturation (SPCO %) in the blood of respondents. For this purpose, 150 respondents from the labour community of Hattar Industrial Estate (testing site) and 100 respondents from Sultan Pur (control site) were...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/3/406 |
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| author | Suneela Jadoon Shamyla Nawazish Qaisar Mahmood Asif Rafique Summar Sohail Asma Zaidi |
| author_facet | Suneela Jadoon Shamyla Nawazish Qaisar Mahmood Asif Rafique Summar Sohail Asma Zaidi |
| author_sort | Suneela Jadoon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study was designed to assess the health impacts related to noninvasive carbon monoxide saturation (SPCO %) in the blood of respondents. For this purpose, 150 respondents from the labour community of Hattar Industrial Estate (testing site) and 100 respondents from Sultan Pur (control site) were selected. To achieve this objective, a Rad-57 Pulse CO-Oximeter was used for noninvasive carboxyhemoglobin measurement. Carbon monoxide saturation (SPCO%) in the blood of respondents from Hattar Industrial Estate, Haripur, Pakistan has been compared with the WHO’s standard concentration of SPCO% (5%). High saturation of carbon monoxide (carboxyhemoglobin SPCO) in the blood of respondents and disease association have been interpreted in graphs formed on the basis of statistical analysis in terms of frequencies, using statistical software (SPSS), based on demographic entries as well as exposure time of the employees in the processing, food and steel industries. The highest SPCO% measured was 17% in the steel industry and the lowest measured level was 4.2%. Frequencies and percentages of respiratory inflammation, dermatosis, asthma, breathing issues and eye inflammation among respondents were 29%, 35%, 16.7%, 23.5% and 9%, respectively. Prevalence of disease in three different groups of respondents (from three testing sites) was also analyzed on the basis of exposure time (hrs.) to carbon monoxide emissions. Prevalence of disease among the exposed and non-exposed groups was analyzed and showed comparatively lower disease prevalence in the group of respondents who were not exposed to high carbon monoxide emissions. The data of the current study was also subjected to statistical modelling to find the health risk of air pollutants (carbon monoxide) on population health by calculating attributable risk (<i>AR</i>) or attributable proportion (<i>AP</i>). Results indicated that attributable risk of carbon monoxide exposure for respiratory diseases, dermatosis and eye inflammation were 61.12%, 65.77% and 24.95% respectively. Findings of statistical modelling indicated that dermatosis and respiratory diseases were more prevalent in laborers of industrial units than those at control site. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:07:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-706268f8a79f44289c9b92e9704f90ee |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:07:48Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-706268f8a79f44289c9b92e9704f90ee2023-11-24T00:26:21ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332022-03-0113340610.3390/atmos13030406Exploring Health Impacts of Occupational Exposure to Carbon Monoxide in the Labour Community of Hattar Industrial EstateSuneela Jadoon0Shamyla Nawazish1Qaisar Mahmood2Asif Rafique3Summar Sohail4Asma Zaidi5Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22044, PakistanDepartment of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22044, PakistanDepartment of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22044, PakistanDepartment of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22044, PakistanDepartment of Forestry and Range Management, Kohsar University Murree, Murree 47150, PakistanDepartment of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22044, PakistanThis study was designed to assess the health impacts related to noninvasive carbon monoxide saturation (SPCO %) in the blood of respondents. For this purpose, 150 respondents from the labour community of Hattar Industrial Estate (testing site) and 100 respondents from Sultan Pur (control site) were selected. To achieve this objective, a Rad-57 Pulse CO-Oximeter was used for noninvasive carboxyhemoglobin measurement. Carbon monoxide saturation (SPCO%) in the blood of respondents from Hattar Industrial Estate, Haripur, Pakistan has been compared with the WHO’s standard concentration of SPCO% (5%). High saturation of carbon monoxide (carboxyhemoglobin SPCO) in the blood of respondents and disease association have been interpreted in graphs formed on the basis of statistical analysis in terms of frequencies, using statistical software (SPSS), based on demographic entries as well as exposure time of the employees in the processing, food and steel industries. The highest SPCO% measured was 17% in the steel industry and the lowest measured level was 4.2%. Frequencies and percentages of respiratory inflammation, dermatosis, asthma, breathing issues and eye inflammation among respondents were 29%, 35%, 16.7%, 23.5% and 9%, respectively. Prevalence of disease in three different groups of respondents (from three testing sites) was also analyzed on the basis of exposure time (hrs.) to carbon monoxide emissions. Prevalence of disease among the exposed and non-exposed groups was analyzed and showed comparatively lower disease prevalence in the group of respondents who were not exposed to high carbon monoxide emissions. The data of the current study was also subjected to statistical modelling to find the health risk of air pollutants (carbon monoxide) on population health by calculating attributable risk (<i>AR</i>) or attributable proportion (<i>AP</i>). Results indicated that attributable risk of carbon monoxide exposure for respiratory diseases, dermatosis and eye inflammation were 61.12%, 65.77% and 24.95% respectively. Findings of statistical modelling indicated that dermatosis and respiratory diseases were more prevalent in laborers of industrial units than those at control site.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/3/406carbon monoxideindustrieshealth riskoxyhemoglobinrespiratory diseases |
| spellingShingle | Suneela Jadoon Shamyla Nawazish Qaisar Mahmood Asif Rafique Summar Sohail Asma Zaidi Exploring Health Impacts of Occupational Exposure to Carbon Monoxide in the Labour Community of Hattar Industrial Estate Atmosphere carbon monoxide industries health risk oxyhemoglobin respiratory diseases |
| title | Exploring Health Impacts of Occupational Exposure to Carbon Monoxide in the Labour Community of Hattar Industrial Estate |
| title_full | Exploring Health Impacts of Occupational Exposure to Carbon Monoxide in the Labour Community of Hattar Industrial Estate |
| title_fullStr | Exploring Health Impacts of Occupational Exposure to Carbon Monoxide in the Labour Community of Hattar Industrial Estate |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring Health Impacts of Occupational Exposure to Carbon Monoxide in the Labour Community of Hattar Industrial Estate |
| title_short | Exploring Health Impacts of Occupational Exposure to Carbon Monoxide in the Labour Community of Hattar Industrial Estate |
| title_sort | exploring health impacts of occupational exposure to carbon monoxide in the labour community of hattar industrial estate |
| topic | carbon monoxide industries health risk oxyhemoglobin respiratory diseases |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/3/406 |
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