Pathogenicity of <i>Aeromonas veronii</i> Causing Mass Mortality of Largemouth Bass (<i>Micropterus salmoides</i>) and Its Induced Host Immune Response
<i>Aeromonas veronii</i> is as an important opportunist pathogen of many aquatic animals, which is wildly distributed in various aquatic environments. In this study, a dominant bacterium GJL1 isolated from diseased <i>M. salmoides</i> was identified as <i>A. veronii<...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/11/2198 |
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| author | Xinhai Zhu Qieqi Qian Congcong Wu Yujie Zhu Xiaojian Gao Qun Jiang Jun Wang Guoxing Liu Xiaojun Zhang |
| author_facet | Xinhai Zhu Qieqi Qian Congcong Wu Yujie Zhu Xiaojian Gao Qun Jiang Jun Wang Guoxing Liu Xiaojun Zhang |
| author_sort | Xinhai Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Aeromonas veronii</i> is as an important opportunist pathogen of many aquatic animals, which is wildly distributed in various aquatic environments. In this study, a dominant bacterium GJL1 isolated from diseased <i>M. salmoides</i> was identified as <i>A. veronii</i> according to the morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics, as well as molecular identification. Detection of the virulence genes showed the isolate GJL1 carried outer membrane protein A (<i>ompA</i>), flagellin (<i>flgA</i>, <i>flgM</i>, <i>flgN</i>), aerolysin (<i>aer</i>), cytolytic enterotoxin (<i>act</i>), DNases (<i>exu</i>), and hemolysin (<i>hly</i>), and the isolate GJL1 also produced caseinase, lipase, gelatinase, and hemolysin. The virulence of strain GJL1 was confirmed by experimental infection; the median lethal dosage (LD<sub>50</sub>) of the GJL1 for largemouth bass was 3.6 × 10<sup>5</sup> CFU/mL, and histopathological analysis revealed that the isolate could cause obvious inflammatory responses in <i>M. salmoides.</i> Additionally, the immune-related gene expression in <i>M. salmoides</i> was evaluated, and the results showed that <i>IgM</i>, <i>HIF-1α</i>, <i>Hep-1</i>, <i>IL-15</i>, <i>TGF-β1,</i> and <i>Cas-3</i> were significantly upregulated after <i>A. veronii</i> infection. Our results indicated that <i>A. veronii</i> was an etiological agent causing the mass mortality of <i>M. salmoides</i>, which contributes to understanding the immune response of <i>M. salmoides</i> against <i>A. veronii</i> infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:49:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-707385732c214baea580e8186ec9272e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:49:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-707385732c214baea580e8186ec9272e2023-11-24T05:57:19ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072022-11-011011219810.3390/microorganisms10112198Pathogenicity of <i>Aeromonas veronii</i> Causing Mass Mortality of Largemouth Bass (<i>Micropterus salmoides</i>) and Its Induced Host Immune ResponseXinhai Zhu0Qieqi Qian1Congcong Wu2Yujie Zhu3Xiaojian Gao4Qun Jiang5Jun Wang6Guoxing Liu7Xiaojun Zhang8College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China<i>Aeromonas veronii</i> is as an important opportunist pathogen of many aquatic animals, which is wildly distributed in various aquatic environments. In this study, a dominant bacterium GJL1 isolated from diseased <i>M. salmoides</i> was identified as <i>A. veronii</i> according to the morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics, as well as molecular identification. Detection of the virulence genes showed the isolate GJL1 carried outer membrane protein A (<i>ompA</i>), flagellin (<i>flgA</i>, <i>flgM</i>, <i>flgN</i>), aerolysin (<i>aer</i>), cytolytic enterotoxin (<i>act</i>), DNases (<i>exu</i>), and hemolysin (<i>hly</i>), and the isolate GJL1 also produced caseinase, lipase, gelatinase, and hemolysin. The virulence of strain GJL1 was confirmed by experimental infection; the median lethal dosage (LD<sub>50</sub>) of the GJL1 for largemouth bass was 3.6 × 10<sup>5</sup> CFU/mL, and histopathological analysis revealed that the isolate could cause obvious inflammatory responses in <i>M. salmoides.</i> Additionally, the immune-related gene expression in <i>M. salmoides</i> was evaluated, and the results showed that <i>IgM</i>, <i>HIF-1α</i>, <i>Hep-1</i>, <i>IL-15</i>, <i>TGF-β1,</i> and <i>Cas-3</i> were significantly upregulated after <i>A. veronii</i> infection. Our results indicated that <i>A. veronii</i> was an etiological agent causing the mass mortality of <i>M. salmoides</i>, which contributes to understanding the immune response of <i>M. salmoides</i> against <i>A. veronii</i> infection.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/11/2198<i>Aeromonas veronii</i><i>Micropterus salmoides</i>pathogenicityimmune response |
| spellingShingle | Xinhai Zhu Qieqi Qian Congcong Wu Yujie Zhu Xiaojian Gao Qun Jiang Jun Wang Guoxing Liu Xiaojun Zhang Pathogenicity of <i>Aeromonas veronii</i> Causing Mass Mortality of Largemouth Bass (<i>Micropterus salmoides</i>) and Its Induced Host Immune Response Microorganisms <i>Aeromonas veronii</i> <i>Micropterus salmoides</i> pathogenicity immune response |
| title | Pathogenicity of <i>Aeromonas veronii</i> Causing Mass Mortality of Largemouth Bass (<i>Micropterus salmoides</i>) and Its Induced Host Immune Response |
| title_full | Pathogenicity of <i>Aeromonas veronii</i> Causing Mass Mortality of Largemouth Bass (<i>Micropterus salmoides</i>) and Its Induced Host Immune Response |
| title_fullStr | Pathogenicity of <i>Aeromonas veronii</i> Causing Mass Mortality of Largemouth Bass (<i>Micropterus salmoides</i>) and Its Induced Host Immune Response |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pathogenicity of <i>Aeromonas veronii</i> Causing Mass Mortality of Largemouth Bass (<i>Micropterus salmoides</i>) and Its Induced Host Immune Response |
| title_short | Pathogenicity of <i>Aeromonas veronii</i> Causing Mass Mortality of Largemouth Bass (<i>Micropterus salmoides</i>) and Its Induced Host Immune Response |
| title_sort | pathogenicity of i aeromonas veronii i causing mass mortality of largemouth bass i micropterus salmoides i and its induced host immune response |
| topic | <i>Aeromonas veronii</i> <i>Micropterus salmoides</i> pathogenicity immune response |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/11/2198 |
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