Reduced motor planning underlying inhibition of prepotent responses in children with ADHD
Abstract To flexibly regulate their behavior, children’s ability to inhibit prepotent responses arises from cognitive and motor mechanisms that have an intertwined developmental trajectory. Subtle differences in planning and control can contribute to impulsive behaviors, which are common in Attentio...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-22318-6 |
| _version_ | 1797991839168462848 |
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| author | Irene Valori Letizia Della Longa Alessia Angeli Gustavo Marfia Teresa Farroni |
| author_facet | Irene Valori Letizia Della Longa Alessia Angeli Gustavo Marfia Teresa Farroni |
| author_sort | Irene Valori |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract To flexibly regulate their behavior, children’s ability to inhibit prepotent responses arises from cognitive and motor mechanisms that have an intertwined developmental trajectory. Subtle differences in planning and control can contribute to impulsive behaviors, which are common in Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and difficult to be assessed and trained. We adapted a Go/No-Go task and employed a portable, low-cost kinematic sensor to explore the different strategies used by children with ADHD or typical development to provide a prepotent response (dominant condition) or inhibit the prepotent and select an alternative one (non-dominant condition). Although no group difference emerged on accuracy levels, the kinematic analysis of correct responses revealed that, unlike neurotypical children, those with ADHD did not show increased motor planning in non-dominant compared to dominant trials. Future studies should investigate whether motor control could help children with ADHD compensate for planning difficulties. This strategy might make inhibition harder in naturalistic situations that involve complex actions. Combining cognitive and kinematic measures is a potential innovative method for assessment and intervention of subtle differences in executive processes such as inhibition, going deeper than is possible based on accuracy outcomes alone. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T08:58:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-707541e418134ab58d25d40e9d0ac7ed |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T08:58:23Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-707541e418134ab58d25d40e9d0ac7ed2022-12-22T04:33:08ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222022-10-0112111110.1038/s41598-022-22318-6Reduced motor planning underlying inhibition of prepotent responses in children with ADHDIrene Valori0Letizia Della Longa1Alessia Angeli2Gustavo Marfia3Teresa Farroni4Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, University of PadovaDepartment of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, University of PadovaDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, University of BolognaDepartment of the Arts, University of BolognaDepartment of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, University of PadovaAbstract To flexibly regulate their behavior, children’s ability to inhibit prepotent responses arises from cognitive and motor mechanisms that have an intertwined developmental trajectory. Subtle differences in planning and control can contribute to impulsive behaviors, which are common in Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and difficult to be assessed and trained. We adapted a Go/No-Go task and employed a portable, low-cost kinematic sensor to explore the different strategies used by children with ADHD or typical development to provide a prepotent response (dominant condition) or inhibit the prepotent and select an alternative one (non-dominant condition). Although no group difference emerged on accuracy levels, the kinematic analysis of correct responses revealed that, unlike neurotypical children, those with ADHD did not show increased motor planning in non-dominant compared to dominant trials. Future studies should investigate whether motor control could help children with ADHD compensate for planning difficulties. This strategy might make inhibition harder in naturalistic situations that involve complex actions. Combining cognitive and kinematic measures is a potential innovative method for assessment and intervention of subtle differences in executive processes such as inhibition, going deeper than is possible based on accuracy outcomes alone.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-22318-6 |
| spellingShingle | Irene Valori Letizia Della Longa Alessia Angeli Gustavo Marfia Teresa Farroni Reduced motor planning underlying inhibition of prepotent responses in children with ADHD Scientific Reports |
| title | Reduced motor planning underlying inhibition of prepotent responses in children with ADHD |
| title_full | Reduced motor planning underlying inhibition of prepotent responses in children with ADHD |
| title_fullStr | Reduced motor planning underlying inhibition of prepotent responses in children with ADHD |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reduced motor planning underlying inhibition of prepotent responses in children with ADHD |
| title_short | Reduced motor planning underlying inhibition of prepotent responses in children with ADHD |
| title_sort | reduced motor planning underlying inhibition of prepotent responses in children with adhd |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-22318-6 |
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