Co-Harboring of Beta-Lactamases and <i>mcr-1</i> Genes in <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> from Healthy Carriers and Backyard Animals in Rural Communities in Ecuador
Few studies have addressed drug resistance of Enterobacterales in rural communities in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the coexistence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase genes in <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i&g...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/5/856 |
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| author | Carlos Bastidas-Caldes Emily Cisneros-Vásquez Antonella Zambrano Andrea Mosquera-Maza William Calero-Cáceres Joaquín Rey Yoshimasa Yamamoto Mayumi Yamamoto Manuel Calvopiña Jacobus H. de Waard |
| author_facet | Carlos Bastidas-Caldes Emily Cisneros-Vásquez Antonella Zambrano Andrea Mosquera-Maza William Calero-Cáceres Joaquín Rey Yoshimasa Yamamoto Mayumi Yamamoto Manuel Calvopiña Jacobus H. de Waard |
| author_sort | Carlos Bastidas-Caldes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Few studies have addressed drug resistance of Enterobacterales in rural communities in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the coexistence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase genes in <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> strains carrying the <i>mcr-1</i> gene in rural communities in Ecuador from healthy humans and their backyard animals. Sixty-two strains, thirty <i>E. coli</i> and thirty-two <i>K. pneumoniae</i> strains carrying the <i>mcr-1</i> gene were selected from a previous study. PCR were performed for the presence of ESBLs and carbapenemase genes. The strains were further characterized, and the genetic relationship was studied with multi-locus sequencing typing (MLST) of seven housekeeping genes. Fifty-nine of the sixty-two <i>mcr-1</i> isolates (95%) harbored at least on β-lactam resistance gene. The most prevalent ESBL genes were the <i>bla</i><sub>TEM</sub> genes (present in in 80% of the <i>E. coli</i> strains) and the <i>bla</i><sub>SHV</sub> gene (present in 84% of the <i>K. pneumoniae</i> strains). MSLT analysis revealed 28 different sequence types (ST); 15 for <i>E. coli</i> and 12 for <i>K. pneumoniae</i>, with most ST never described in humans and animals. The coexistence of <i>mcr-1</i> and β-lactams resistant genes in <i>E. coli</i> and <i>K. pneumoniae</i> strains is alarming and threatens the efficacy of last-resort antibiotics. Our findings highlight backyard animals as a reservoir of <i>mcr-1/</i>β-lactams resistant genes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:00:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7085696ebcdb432c8c48232c64198373 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:00:39Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-7085696ebcdb432c8c48232c641983732023-11-18T00:12:17ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822023-05-0112585610.3390/antibiotics12050856Co-Harboring of Beta-Lactamases and <i>mcr-1</i> Genes in <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> from Healthy Carriers and Backyard Animals in Rural Communities in EcuadorCarlos Bastidas-Caldes0Emily Cisneros-Vásquez1Antonella Zambrano2Andrea Mosquera-Maza3William Calero-Cáceres4Joaquín Rey5Yoshimasa Yamamoto6Mayumi Yamamoto7Manuel Calvopiña8Jacobus H. de Waard9One Health Research Group, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Biotecnología, Universidad de las Américas, Quito 170124, EcuadorOne Health Research Group, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Biotecnología, Universidad de las Américas, Quito 170124, EcuadorOne Health Research Group, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Biotecnología, Universidad de las Américas, Quito 170124, EcuadorMinisterio de Salud Pública del Ecuador, Pastaza 170505, EcuadorUTA RAM One Health, Department of Food and Biotechnology Science and Engineering, Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Ambato 180103, EcuadorUnidad de Patología Infecciosa y Epidemiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, SpainThe United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, JapanHealth Administration Center, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, JapanOne Health Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de las Américas, Quito 170124, EcuadorOne Health Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de las Américas, Quito 170124, EcuadorFew studies have addressed drug resistance of Enterobacterales in rural communities in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the coexistence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase genes in <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> strains carrying the <i>mcr-1</i> gene in rural communities in Ecuador from healthy humans and their backyard animals. Sixty-two strains, thirty <i>E. coli</i> and thirty-two <i>K. pneumoniae</i> strains carrying the <i>mcr-1</i> gene were selected from a previous study. PCR were performed for the presence of ESBLs and carbapenemase genes. The strains were further characterized, and the genetic relationship was studied with multi-locus sequencing typing (MLST) of seven housekeeping genes. Fifty-nine of the sixty-two <i>mcr-1</i> isolates (95%) harbored at least on β-lactam resistance gene. The most prevalent ESBL genes were the <i>bla</i><sub>TEM</sub> genes (present in in 80% of the <i>E. coli</i> strains) and the <i>bla</i><sub>SHV</sub> gene (present in 84% of the <i>K. pneumoniae</i> strains). MSLT analysis revealed 28 different sequence types (ST); 15 for <i>E. coli</i> and 12 for <i>K. pneumoniae</i>, with most ST never described in humans and animals. The coexistence of <i>mcr-1</i> and β-lactams resistant genes in <i>E. coli</i> and <i>K. pneumoniae</i> strains is alarming and threatens the efficacy of last-resort antibiotics. Our findings highlight backyard animals as a reservoir of <i>mcr-1/</i>β-lactams resistant genes.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/5/856<i>E. coli</i><i>K. pneumoniae</i>colistin<i>mcr-1</i> genemultidrug resistance (MDR)extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) |
| spellingShingle | Carlos Bastidas-Caldes Emily Cisneros-Vásquez Antonella Zambrano Andrea Mosquera-Maza William Calero-Cáceres Joaquín Rey Yoshimasa Yamamoto Mayumi Yamamoto Manuel Calvopiña Jacobus H. de Waard Co-Harboring of Beta-Lactamases and <i>mcr-1</i> Genes in <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> from Healthy Carriers and Backyard Animals in Rural Communities in Ecuador Antibiotics <i>E. coli</i> <i>K. pneumoniae</i> colistin <i>mcr-1</i> gene multidrug resistance (MDR) extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) |
| title | Co-Harboring of Beta-Lactamases and <i>mcr-1</i> Genes in <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> from Healthy Carriers and Backyard Animals in Rural Communities in Ecuador |
| title_full | Co-Harboring of Beta-Lactamases and <i>mcr-1</i> Genes in <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> from Healthy Carriers and Backyard Animals in Rural Communities in Ecuador |
| title_fullStr | Co-Harboring of Beta-Lactamases and <i>mcr-1</i> Genes in <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> from Healthy Carriers and Backyard Animals in Rural Communities in Ecuador |
| title_full_unstemmed | Co-Harboring of Beta-Lactamases and <i>mcr-1</i> Genes in <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> from Healthy Carriers and Backyard Animals in Rural Communities in Ecuador |
| title_short | Co-Harboring of Beta-Lactamases and <i>mcr-1</i> Genes in <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> from Healthy Carriers and Backyard Animals in Rural Communities in Ecuador |
| title_sort | co harboring of beta lactamases and i mcr 1 i genes in i escherichia coli i and i klebsiella pneumoniae i from healthy carriers and backyard animals in rural communities in ecuador |
| topic | <i>E. coli</i> <i>K. pneumoniae</i> colistin <i>mcr-1</i> gene multidrug resistance (MDR) extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/5/856 |
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