Impact of placental malaria on maternal, placental and fetal cord responses and its role in pregnancy outcomes in women from Blue Nile State, Sudan
Abstract Background The sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum infected cells in the placenta results in placental malaria (PM). It activates the mother's immune cells and induces secretion of inflammatory cytokines, which might influence pregnancy outcomes. This study aims to investigate the c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Malaria Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03580-x |
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| author | Samia Omer Clara Franco-Jarava Ali Noureldien Mona Omer Mutasim Abdelrahim Israel Molina Ishag Adam |
| author_facet | Samia Omer Clara Franco-Jarava Ali Noureldien Mona Omer Mutasim Abdelrahim Israel Molina Ishag Adam |
| author_sort | Samia Omer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum infected cells in the placenta results in placental malaria (PM). It activates the mother's immune cells and induces secretion of inflammatory cytokines, which might influence pregnancy outcomes. This study aims to investigate the cytokines (levels IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, and INF γ) in maternal peripheral, placental, and umbilical cord blood in response to PM and the extent to which this may influence maternal haemoglobin levels and birth weight. Methods A total of 185 consenting Sudanese women from Blue Nile State were enrolled at delivery time in a cross-sectional study conducted between Jan 2012-Dec 2015. Malaria infection in the collected maternal peripheral, placental, umbilical cord samples was determined microscopically, and ELISA was used to measure the plasma levels IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, and INF γ in the collected positive and negative malaria samples. Results Elevated levels of IL-4 and IL-10 and reduced levels of IL-6 were detected in the malaria positive samples in comparison to the negative ones in the three types of the samples investigated. Maternal, IL-4 and IL-10 were significantly higher in the samples collected from the PM infected group compared to the non-infected control (P < 0.001). While the absence of PM was significantly associated with the IL-6 and maternal IFN-γ levels, maternal IL-17A, placental and umbilical cord IFN-γ levels showed no significant difference (P = 0.214, P = 0.065, P = 0.536, respectively) due to infection. Haemoglobin level and birth weight were increased in the group with high levels of IL-6 and IL-17A, but not in the group with IL-4 and IL-10 levels. While significantly negative correlation was found between IFN-γ levels and birth weight for all three types of samples, only maternal peripheral IFN-γ level was significantly positively correlated with maternal haemoglobin (r = 0.171, P = 0.020). Conclusion These results suggest that PM induces mother’s immune response and impairs her cytokine profile, which might alter maternal haemoglobin levels and the baby's birth weight. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T13:26:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-70b8c9d5328c459f81f95c42c7797e1d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1475-2875 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T13:26:56Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | Malaria Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-70b8c9d5328c459f81f95c42c7797e1d2022-12-21T19:02:26ZengBMCMalaria Journal1475-28752021-01-012011810.1186/s12936-021-03580-xImpact of placental malaria on maternal, placental and fetal cord responses and its role in pregnancy outcomes in women from Blue Nile State, SudanSamia Omer0Clara Franco-Jarava1Ali Noureldien2Mona Omer3Mutasim Abdelrahim4Israel Molina5Ishag Adam6Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Tropical Medicine Research InstituteImmunology Department, Vall d Hebron University HospitalDepartment of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of KhartoumBioscience Research Institute, Ibn Sina UniversityEd-Damazin Hospital, Blue Nile State Ministry of HealthInfectious Diseases Department, Vall d Hebron University HospitalDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim UniversityAbstract Background The sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum infected cells in the placenta results in placental malaria (PM). It activates the mother's immune cells and induces secretion of inflammatory cytokines, which might influence pregnancy outcomes. This study aims to investigate the cytokines (levels IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, and INF γ) in maternal peripheral, placental, and umbilical cord blood in response to PM and the extent to which this may influence maternal haemoglobin levels and birth weight. Methods A total of 185 consenting Sudanese women from Blue Nile State were enrolled at delivery time in a cross-sectional study conducted between Jan 2012-Dec 2015. Malaria infection in the collected maternal peripheral, placental, umbilical cord samples was determined microscopically, and ELISA was used to measure the plasma levels IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, and INF γ in the collected positive and negative malaria samples. Results Elevated levels of IL-4 and IL-10 and reduced levels of IL-6 were detected in the malaria positive samples in comparison to the negative ones in the three types of the samples investigated. Maternal, IL-4 and IL-10 were significantly higher in the samples collected from the PM infected group compared to the non-infected control (P < 0.001). While the absence of PM was significantly associated with the IL-6 and maternal IFN-γ levels, maternal IL-17A, placental and umbilical cord IFN-γ levels showed no significant difference (P = 0.214, P = 0.065, P = 0.536, respectively) due to infection. Haemoglobin level and birth weight were increased in the group with high levels of IL-6 and IL-17A, but not in the group with IL-4 and IL-10 levels. While significantly negative correlation was found between IFN-γ levels and birth weight for all three types of samples, only maternal peripheral IFN-γ level was significantly positively correlated with maternal haemoglobin (r = 0.171, P = 0.020). Conclusion These results suggest that PM induces mother’s immune response and impairs her cytokine profile, which might alter maternal haemoglobin levels and the baby's birth weight.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03580-xPlacental malariaCytokinesBirth weightBlue Nile State Sudan |
| spellingShingle | Samia Omer Clara Franco-Jarava Ali Noureldien Mona Omer Mutasim Abdelrahim Israel Molina Ishag Adam Impact of placental malaria on maternal, placental and fetal cord responses and its role in pregnancy outcomes in women from Blue Nile State, Sudan Malaria Journal Placental malaria Cytokines Birth weight Blue Nile State Sudan |
| title | Impact of placental malaria on maternal, placental and fetal cord responses and its role in pregnancy outcomes in women from Blue Nile State, Sudan |
| title_full | Impact of placental malaria on maternal, placental and fetal cord responses and its role in pregnancy outcomes in women from Blue Nile State, Sudan |
| title_fullStr | Impact of placental malaria on maternal, placental and fetal cord responses and its role in pregnancy outcomes in women from Blue Nile State, Sudan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of placental malaria on maternal, placental and fetal cord responses and its role in pregnancy outcomes in women from Blue Nile State, Sudan |
| title_short | Impact of placental malaria on maternal, placental and fetal cord responses and its role in pregnancy outcomes in women from Blue Nile State, Sudan |
| title_sort | impact of placental malaria on maternal placental and fetal cord responses and its role in pregnancy outcomes in women from blue nile state sudan |
| topic | Placental malaria Cytokines Birth weight Blue Nile State Sudan |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03580-x |
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