Sensitisation to Imbrasia belina (mopane worm) and other local allergens in rural Gwanda district of Zimbabwe
Abstract Background The prevalence of allergic diseases is increasing in Zimbabwe and the data relate to local as well as exotic allergen sources. As entomophagy, the practice of eating insects, is a recognised source of local allergens, we sought to measure the prevalence of and risk factors for se...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2022-04-01
|
| Series: | Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13223-022-00668-0 |
| _version_ | 1819209906929008640 |
|---|---|
| author | Vuyelwa Ndlovu Moses Chimbari Pisirai Ndarukwa Elopy Sibanda |
| author_facet | Vuyelwa Ndlovu Moses Chimbari Pisirai Ndarukwa Elopy Sibanda |
| author_sort | Vuyelwa Ndlovu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The prevalence of allergic diseases is increasing in Zimbabwe and the data relate to local as well as exotic allergen sources. As entomophagy, the practice of eating insects, is a recognised source of local allergens, we sought to measure the prevalence of and risk factors for sensitisation to Imbrasia belina (mopane worm), a popular edible insect. This was investigated alongside other locally relevant allergens in a rural community in Gwanda district, south of Zimbabwe. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted among 496 adults and children aged 10 years and above in Gwanda district, a mopane worm harvesting area in Zimbabwe. Data on individual characteristics and mopane worm exposure factors were collected using questionnaires. Sensitivity to allergens was assessed by performing skin prick tests at a local clinic using 10 different commercial allergen extracts (Stallergenes, France) and in-house extracts of mopane worm (Imbrasia belina) and mopane leaves (Colophospermum mopane). Data were analysed using Stata version 13 software. Results The prevalence of sensitisation to at least one allergen was 31.17% (n = 144). The prevalence of atopy was higher in adults (33.33%) than in children (23.53%) (p = 0.059). The commonest inhalant allergen sources were mopane worm (14.29%), Tyrophagus putrescentiae (14.29%), mopane leaves (13.42%), Alternaria alternata (6.49%) and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (6.49%). Polysensitisation was demonstrated in the study population and of the 108 participants (75%) who were sensitised to two or more allergens, 66 (61%) were women. Sensitisation to mopane worm and mopane leaves often clustered with Tyrophagus putrescentiae amongst adults. Adjusted logistic regression analyses between mopane worm sensitisation and self-reported exposure variables showed that sensitisation was more likely amongst mopane worm harvesters (OR = 1.92, 95%CI = 0.77–4.79), those who cooked or roasted mopane worms during harvesting (OR = 2.69, 95%CI = 0.78–9.31) and harvesting without personal protective equipment (PPE) (OR = 2.12, 95%CI = 0.83–5.44) compared to non-harvesters. Conclusion Atopic sensitization was common in this mopane worm harvesting community in Gwanda district of Zimbabwe. There was frequent co-sensitisation of mopane worm and mopane leaves with Tyrophagus putrescentiae in children and adults. It is important to determine the clinical relevance of our findings, particularly relating to mopane worm sensitisation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T06:02:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-70bc749f3e10489dbd47be47d3350f3e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1710-1492 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T06:02:44Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-70bc749f3e10489dbd47be47d3350f3e2022-12-21T17:57:38ZengBMCAllergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology1710-14922022-04-0118111210.1186/s13223-022-00668-0Sensitisation to Imbrasia belina (mopane worm) and other local allergens in rural Gwanda district of ZimbabweVuyelwa Ndlovu0Moses Chimbari1Pisirai Ndarukwa2Elopy Sibanda3School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Howard College Campus, University of KwaZulu-NatalSchool of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Howard College Campus, University of KwaZulu-NatalSchool of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Howard College Campus, University of KwaZulu-NatalAsthma, Allergy and Immune Dysfunction Clinic, Twin Palms Medical CentreAbstract Background The prevalence of allergic diseases is increasing in Zimbabwe and the data relate to local as well as exotic allergen sources. As entomophagy, the practice of eating insects, is a recognised source of local allergens, we sought to measure the prevalence of and risk factors for sensitisation to Imbrasia belina (mopane worm), a popular edible insect. This was investigated alongside other locally relevant allergens in a rural community in Gwanda district, south of Zimbabwe. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted among 496 adults and children aged 10 years and above in Gwanda district, a mopane worm harvesting area in Zimbabwe. Data on individual characteristics and mopane worm exposure factors were collected using questionnaires. Sensitivity to allergens was assessed by performing skin prick tests at a local clinic using 10 different commercial allergen extracts (Stallergenes, France) and in-house extracts of mopane worm (Imbrasia belina) and mopane leaves (Colophospermum mopane). Data were analysed using Stata version 13 software. Results The prevalence of sensitisation to at least one allergen was 31.17% (n = 144). The prevalence of atopy was higher in adults (33.33%) than in children (23.53%) (p = 0.059). The commonest inhalant allergen sources were mopane worm (14.29%), Tyrophagus putrescentiae (14.29%), mopane leaves (13.42%), Alternaria alternata (6.49%) and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (6.49%). Polysensitisation was demonstrated in the study population and of the 108 participants (75%) who were sensitised to two or more allergens, 66 (61%) were women. Sensitisation to mopane worm and mopane leaves often clustered with Tyrophagus putrescentiae amongst adults. Adjusted logistic regression analyses between mopane worm sensitisation and self-reported exposure variables showed that sensitisation was more likely amongst mopane worm harvesters (OR = 1.92, 95%CI = 0.77–4.79), those who cooked or roasted mopane worms during harvesting (OR = 2.69, 95%CI = 0.78–9.31) and harvesting without personal protective equipment (PPE) (OR = 2.12, 95%CI = 0.83–5.44) compared to non-harvesters. Conclusion Atopic sensitization was common in this mopane worm harvesting community in Gwanda district of Zimbabwe. There was frequent co-sensitisation of mopane worm and mopane leaves with Tyrophagus putrescentiae in children and adults. It is important to determine the clinical relevance of our findings, particularly relating to mopane worm sensitisation.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13223-022-00668-0Allergic sensitisationEntomophagyMopane wormZimbabwe |
| spellingShingle | Vuyelwa Ndlovu Moses Chimbari Pisirai Ndarukwa Elopy Sibanda Sensitisation to Imbrasia belina (mopane worm) and other local allergens in rural Gwanda district of Zimbabwe Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology Allergic sensitisation Entomophagy Mopane worm Zimbabwe |
| title | Sensitisation to Imbrasia belina (mopane worm) and other local allergens in rural Gwanda district of Zimbabwe |
| title_full | Sensitisation to Imbrasia belina (mopane worm) and other local allergens in rural Gwanda district of Zimbabwe |
| title_fullStr | Sensitisation to Imbrasia belina (mopane worm) and other local allergens in rural Gwanda district of Zimbabwe |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sensitisation to Imbrasia belina (mopane worm) and other local allergens in rural Gwanda district of Zimbabwe |
| title_short | Sensitisation to Imbrasia belina (mopane worm) and other local allergens in rural Gwanda district of Zimbabwe |
| title_sort | sensitisation to imbrasia belina mopane worm and other local allergens in rural gwanda district of zimbabwe |
| topic | Allergic sensitisation Entomophagy Mopane worm Zimbabwe |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13223-022-00668-0 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT vuyelwandlovu sensitisationtoimbrasiabelinamopanewormandotherlocalallergensinruralgwandadistrictofzimbabwe AT moseschimbari sensitisationtoimbrasiabelinamopanewormandotherlocalallergensinruralgwandadistrictofzimbabwe AT pisiraindarukwa sensitisationtoimbrasiabelinamopanewormandotherlocalallergensinruralgwandadistrictofzimbabwe AT elopysibanda sensitisationtoimbrasiabelinamopanewormandotherlocalallergensinruralgwandadistrictofzimbabwe |