Deterministic and Fractional-Order Co-Infection Model of Omicron and Delta Variants of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Carriers
The Delta and Omicron variants’ system was used in this research study to replicate the complex process of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. The generalised fractional system was designed and rigorously analysed in order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the transmission dynamics of both variants. The...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Fractal and Fractional |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3110/7/2/192 |
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| author | Waqas Ali Faridi Muhammad Imran Asjad Shabir Ahmad Adrian Iftene Magda Abd El-Rahman Mohammed Sallah |
| author_facet | Waqas Ali Faridi Muhammad Imran Asjad Shabir Ahmad Adrian Iftene Magda Abd El-Rahman Mohammed Sallah |
| author_sort | Waqas Ali Faridi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Delta and Omicron variants’ system was used in this research study to replicate the complex process of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. The generalised fractional system was designed and rigorously analysed in order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the transmission dynamics of both variants. The proposed dynamical system has heredity and memory effects, which greatly improved our ability to perceive the disease propagation dynamics. The non-singular Atangana–Baleanu fractional operator was used to forecast the current pandemic in order to meet this challenge. The Picard recursions approach can be used to ensure that the designed fractional system has at least one solution occupying the growth condition and memory function regardless of the initial conditions. The Hyers–Ulam–Rassias stability criteria were used to carry out the stability analysis of the fractional governing system of equations, and the fixed-point theory ensured the uniqueness of the solution. Additionally, the model exhibited global asymptotically stable behaviour in some conditions. The approximate behaviour of the fatal virus was investigated using an efficient and reliable fractional numerical Adams–Bashforth approach. The outcome demonstrated that there will be a significant decline in the population of those infected with the Omicron and Delta SARS-CoV-2 variants if the vaccination rate is increased (in both the symptomatic and symptomatic stages). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:47:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-70cd507b870e47c281e43e15cc2ab46a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2504-3110 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:47:56Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fractal and Fractional |
| spelling | doaj.art-70cd507b870e47c281e43e15cc2ab46a2023-11-16T20:37:16ZengMDPI AGFractal and Fractional2504-31102023-02-017219210.3390/fractalfract7020192Deterministic and Fractional-Order Co-Infection Model of Omicron and Delta Variants of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 CarriersWaqas Ali Faridi0Muhammad Imran Asjad1Shabir Ahmad2Adrian Iftene3Magda Abd El-Rahman4Mohammed Sallah5Department of Mathematics, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, PakistanDepartment of Mathematics, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, PakistanDepartment of Mathematics, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhunkhwa 24550, PakistanFaculty of Computer Science, Alexandru Ioan Cuza, University of Iasi, 700483 Iasi, RomaniaDepartment of Physics, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi ArabiaApplied Mathematical Physics Research Group, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptThe Delta and Omicron variants’ system was used in this research study to replicate the complex process of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. The generalised fractional system was designed and rigorously analysed in order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the transmission dynamics of both variants. The proposed dynamical system has heredity and memory effects, which greatly improved our ability to perceive the disease propagation dynamics. The non-singular Atangana–Baleanu fractional operator was used to forecast the current pandemic in order to meet this challenge. The Picard recursions approach can be used to ensure that the designed fractional system has at least one solution occupying the growth condition and memory function regardless of the initial conditions. The Hyers–Ulam–Rassias stability criteria were used to carry out the stability analysis of the fractional governing system of equations, and the fixed-point theory ensured the uniqueness of the solution. Additionally, the model exhibited global asymptotically stable behaviour in some conditions. The approximate behaviour of the fatal virus was investigated using an efficient and reliable fractional numerical Adams–Bashforth approach. The outcome demonstrated that there will be a significant decline in the population of those infected with the Omicron and Delta SARS-CoV-2 variants if the vaccination rate is increased (in both the symptomatic and symptomatic stages).https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3110/7/2/192Delta variantOmicron variantstabilityfractional derivativefixed-point theory |
| spellingShingle | Waqas Ali Faridi Muhammad Imran Asjad Shabir Ahmad Adrian Iftene Magda Abd El-Rahman Mohammed Sallah Deterministic and Fractional-Order Co-Infection Model of Omicron and Delta Variants of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Carriers Fractal and Fractional Delta variant Omicron variant stability fractional derivative fixed-point theory |
| title | Deterministic and Fractional-Order Co-Infection Model of Omicron and Delta Variants of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Carriers |
| title_full | Deterministic and Fractional-Order Co-Infection Model of Omicron and Delta Variants of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Carriers |
| title_fullStr | Deterministic and Fractional-Order Co-Infection Model of Omicron and Delta Variants of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Carriers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Deterministic and Fractional-Order Co-Infection Model of Omicron and Delta Variants of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Carriers |
| title_short | Deterministic and Fractional-Order Co-Infection Model of Omicron and Delta Variants of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Carriers |
| title_sort | deterministic and fractional order co infection model of omicron and delta variants of asymptomatic sars cov 2 carriers |
| topic | Delta variant Omicron variant stability fractional derivative fixed-point theory |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3110/7/2/192 |
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