Multiscale Variability of Hydrological Responses in Urbanizing Watershed
Anthropically-induced land-use/land cover (LULC) changes create an imbalance between water and energy fluxes by affecting rainfall-runoff partitioning. This alters the catchment’s flow regime, generating increased highs and reduced low flows, triggering socio-economic and environmental damages. The...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/3/796 |
| _version_ | 1797623332623876096 |
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| author | Urmila R. Panikkar Roshan Srivastav Ankur Srivastava |
| author_facet | Urmila R. Panikkar Roshan Srivastav Ankur Srivastava |
| author_sort | Urmila R. Panikkar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Anthropically-induced land-use/land cover (LULC) changes create an imbalance between water and energy fluxes by affecting rainfall-runoff partitioning. This alters the catchment’s flow regime, generating increased highs and reduced low flows, triggering socio-economic and environmental damages. The focus of this study is two-fold (i) to quantify the hydrological changes induced in the urbanizing watershed and (ii) to analyze changes in streamflow variability and generation of extremes (high- and low-flow), using the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) for Peachtree Creek, USA. The results indicate that the change in LULC significantly influences the availability of soil moisture, ET, and contribution to groundwater flow. It is observed that the variations in these processes regulate the water availability from the surface and sub-surface sources, thus affecting the generation of extreme flows. The spatio-temporal analysis, in response to LULC changes, indicates that (i) urbanization significantly affects baseflow, and its variability depends on the degree of urbanization and the predominant land-use class of the subwatersheds, and (ii) the seasonal variations in the baseflow contribution to the streams depend on ET and the timing and magnitude of groundwater outflow to streams. These variations in ET and groundwater lead to water excess/deficit regions, thus increasing the susceptibility to floods during heavy precipitation events and reducing the reliability of streams during dry periods. Thus, in an urbanizing watershed, the hydrological regime of the watershed may not always be a function of changes in the surface runoff, but will be modified by ET and groundwater dynamics. Further, the study shows that the changes in model parameters can provide insight into the implications of LULC changes on hydrological processes and flow regimes. Evaluating the implications on the basin water balance is paramount for deriving any management operations and restoration activities. The study also outlines the significance of analyzing the spatial and temporal scale streamflow variations for managing water resources to reduce damage to lives and properties. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:27:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-70ce88c3e12e4629a8b46bce3e8313c8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:27:16Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-70ce88c3e12e4629a8b46bce3e8313c82023-11-16T17:54:21ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922023-01-0115379610.3390/rs15030796Multiscale Variability of Hydrological Responses in Urbanizing WatershedUrmila R. Panikkar0Roshan Srivastav1Ankur Srivastava2Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati, Yerpedu, Tirupati 517619, IndiaDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati, Yerpedu, Tirupati 517619, IndiaFaculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, AustraliaAnthropically-induced land-use/land cover (LULC) changes create an imbalance between water and energy fluxes by affecting rainfall-runoff partitioning. This alters the catchment’s flow regime, generating increased highs and reduced low flows, triggering socio-economic and environmental damages. The focus of this study is two-fold (i) to quantify the hydrological changes induced in the urbanizing watershed and (ii) to analyze changes in streamflow variability and generation of extremes (high- and low-flow), using the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) for Peachtree Creek, USA. The results indicate that the change in LULC significantly influences the availability of soil moisture, ET, and contribution to groundwater flow. It is observed that the variations in these processes regulate the water availability from the surface and sub-surface sources, thus affecting the generation of extreme flows. The spatio-temporal analysis, in response to LULC changes, indicates that (i) urbanization significantly affects baseflow, and its variability depends on the degree of urbanization and the predominant land-use class of the subwatersheds, and (ii) the seasonal variations in the baseflow contribution to the streams depend on ET and the timing and magnitude of groundwater outflow to streams. These variations in ET and groundwater lead to water excess/deficit regions, thus increasing the susceptibility to floods during heavy precipitation events and reducing the reliability of streams during dry periods. Thus, in an urbanizing watershed, the hydrological regime of the watershed may not always be a function of changes in the surface runoff, but will be modified by ET and groundwater dynamics. Further, the study shows that the changes in model parameters can provide insight into the implications of LULC changes on hydrological processes and flow regimes. Evaluating the implications on the basin water balance is paramount for deriving any management operations and restoration activities. The study also outlines the significance of analyzing the spatial and temporal scale streamflow variations for managing water resources to reduce damage to lives and properties.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/3/796extremesurbanizationanthropic activitiesland-use/land-coverstreamflowhydrologic parameters |
| spellingShingle | Urmila R. Panikkar Roshan Srivastav Ankur Srivastava Multiscale Variability of Hydrological Responses in Urbanizing Watershed Remote Sensing extremes urbanization anthropic activities land-use/land-cover streamflow hydrologic parameters |
| title | Multiscale Variability of Hydrological Responses in Urbanizing Watershed |
| title_full | Multiscale Variability of Hydrological Responses in Urbanizing Watershed |
| title_fullStr | Multiscale Variability of Hydrological Responses in Urbanizing Watershed |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multiscale Variability of Hydrological Responses in Urbanizing Watershed |
| title_short | Multiscale Variability of Hydrological Responses in Urbanizing Watershed |
| title_sort | multiscale variability of hydrological responses in urbanizing watershed |
| topic | extremes urbanization anthropic activities land-use/land-cover streamflow hydrologic parameters |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/3/796 |
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