Transformation products of contaminants of emerging concern in water by UV-based processes
Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) and their respective transformation products (TPs) formed following photodegradation pose considerable threats to the environment and our health. The formation of TPs during UV-LED-based degradation of three target pollutants in the EU Watch List of CECs was a...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IWA Publishing
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Water Practice and Technology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://wpt.iwaponline.com/content/18/9/2182 |
| _version_ | 1797661319562788864 |
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| author | Danilo Bertagna Silva Gianluigi Buttiglieri Maria José Farré Sandra Babić |
| author_facet | Danilo Bertagna Silva Gianluigi Buttiglieri Maria José Farré Sandra Babić |
| author_sort | Danilo Bertagna Silva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) and their respective transformation products (TPs) formed following photodegradation pose considerable threats to the environment and our health. The formation of TPs during UV-LED-based degradation of three target pollutants in the EU Watch List of CECs was accessed by LC-MS-Orbitrap, and their reaction pathways were elucidated. The influence of different matrices and treatments of choice on TP formation was investigated. Results showed that matrix changes did not produce different reaction pathways during UV-A photocatalysis, although plots of TP peak areas vs. time were different for each case. A new TP was found for the antidepressant venlafaxine, (1-[2-(dimethylnitroryl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol. When comparing UV-A photocatalysis with UV-C photolysis, dissimilar pathways were observed due to the distinct reaction mechanisms of each process, since photocatalysis, unlike photolysis, relies on radical-based reaction routes. Different levels of confidence were obtained for each TP depending on the availability of MS2 data in the literature and of standards for comparison. All the found TPs had similar molecular masses in comparison to their respective parent compounds. Most of the TPs remained in the effluent after 6 hours of photodegradation, which highlights the importance of their control, close-monitoring, and further toxicity assessments.
HIGHLIGHTS
Detection of transformation products of contaminants of emerging concern in water.;
Elucidation of reaction pathways for photolysis and photocatalysis.;
A new transformation product found for venlafaxine.;
No difference in detected compounds for tap and ultrapure water.; |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T18:43:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-70ced2c7a18a4edab122aae7052cba4d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1751-231X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T18:43:45Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | IWA Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water Practice and Technology |
| spelling | doaj.art-70ced2c7a18a4edab122aae7052cba4d2023-10-12T07:24:44ZengIWA PublishingWater Practice and Technology1751-231X2023-09-011892182219210.2166/wpt.2023.129129Transformation products of contaminants of emerging concern in water by UV-based processesDanilo Bertagna Silva0Gianluigi Buttiglieri1Maria José Farré2Sandra Babić3 Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA-CERCA), C. Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA-CERCA), C. Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) and their respective transformation products (TPs) formed following photodegradation pose considerable threats to the environment and our health. The formation of TPs during UV-LED-based degradation of three target pollutants in the EU Watch List of CECs was accessed by LC-MS-Orbitrap, and their reaction pathways were elucidated. The influence of different matrices and treatments of choice on TP formation was investigated. Results showed that matrix changes did not produce different reaction pathways during UV-A photocatalysis, although plots of TP peak areas vs. time were different for each case. A new TP was found for the antidepressant venlafaxine, (1-[2-(dimethylnitroryl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexanol. When comparing UV-A photocatalysis with UV-C photolysis, dissimilar pathways were observed due to the distinct reaction mechanisms of each process, since photocatalysis, unlike photolysis, relies on radical-based reaction routes. Different levels of confidence were obtained for each TP depending on the availability of MS2 data in the literature and of standards for comparison. All the found TPs had similar molecular masses in comparison to their respective parent compounds. Most of the TPs remained in the effluent after 6 hours of photodegradation, which highlights the importance of their control, close-monitoring, and further toxicity assessments. HIGHLIGHTS Detection of transformation products of contaminants of emerging concern in water.; Elucidation of reaction pathways for photolysis and photocatalysis.; A new transformation product found for venlafaxine.; No difference in detected compounds for tap and ultrapure water.;http://wpt.iwaponline.com/content/18/9/2182orbitrapphotodegradationtransformation productstrimethoprimvenlafaxine |
| spellingShingle | Danilo Bertagna Silva Gianluigi Buttiglieri Maria José Farré Sandra Babić Transformation products of contaminants of emerging concern in water by UV-based processes Water Practice and Technology orbitrap photodegradation transformation products trimethoprim venlafaxine |
| title | Transformation products of contaminants of emerging concern in water by UV-based processes |
| title_full | Transformation products of contaminants of emerging concern in water by UV-based processes |
| title_fullStr | Transformation products of contaminants of emerging concern in water by UV-based processes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transformation products of contaminants of emerging concern in water by UV-based processes |
| title_short | Transformation products of contaminants of emerging concern in water by UV-based processes |
| title_sort | transformation products of contaminants of emerging concern in water by uv based processes |
| topic | orbitrap photodegradation transformation products trimethoprim venlafaxine |
| url | http://wpt.iwaponline.com/content/18/9/2182 |
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