First report of Anopheles stephensi from southern Ethiopia
Abstract Background Anopheles stephensi is an emerging exotic invasive urban malaria vector in East Africa. The World Health Organization recently announced an initiative to take concerted actions to limit this vector’s expansion by strengthening surveillance and control in invaded and potentially r...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Malaria Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-023-04813-x |
| _version_ | 1797398145889468416 |
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| author | Dawit Hawaria Solomon Kibret Daibin Zhong Ming-Chieh Lee Kidane Lelisa Belayneh Bekele Muntasha Birhanu Mathe Mengesha Hiwot Solomon Delenesaw Yewhalaw Guiyun Yan |
| author_facet | Dawit Hawaria Solomon Kibret Daibin Zhong Ming-Chieh Lee Kidane Lelisa Belayneh Bekele Muntasha Birhanu Mathe Mengesha Hiwot Solomon Delenesaw Yewhalaw Guiyun Yan |
| author_sort | Dawit Hawaria |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Anopheles stephensi is an emerging exotic invasive urban malaria vector in East Africa. The World Health Organization recently announced an initiative to take concerted actions to limit this vector’s expansion by strengthening surveillance and control in invaded and potentially receptive territories in Africa. This study sought to determine the invasion of An. stephensi in southern Ethiopia. Methods A targeted entomological survey, both larvae and adult, was conducted in Hawassa City, southern Ethiopia between November 2022 and February 2023. Anopheles larvae were reared to adults for species identification. CDC light traps and BG Pro traps were used indoors and outdoors overnight at selected houses to collect adult mosquitoes in the study area. Prokopack aspirator was employed to sample indoor resting mosquitoes in the morning. Adults of An. stephensi was identified using morphological keys and then confirmed by PCR. Results Larvae of An. stephensi were found in 28 (16.6%) of the 169 potential mosquito breeding sites surveyed. Out of 548 adult female Anopheles mosquitoes reared from larvae, 234 (42.7%) were identified as An. stephensi morphologically. A total of 449 female anophelines were caught, of which 53 (12.0%) were An. stephensi. Other anopheline species collected in the study area included Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.), Anopheles pharoensis, Anopheles coustani, and Anopheles demeilloni. Conclusion This study confirmed the presence of An. stephensi in southern Ethiopia. The presence of both larval and adult stages of this mosquito attests that this species established sympatric colonization with native vector species such as An. gambiae (s.l.) in southern Ethiopia. The findings warrant further investigation on the ecology, behaviour, population genetics, and role of An. stephensi in malaria transmission in Ethiopia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:21:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-70d56bc00cd045229e9b80ed88b34428 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1475-2875 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:21:30Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Malaria Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-70d56bc00cd045229e9b80ed88b344282023-12-10T12:08:19ZengBMCMalaria Journal1475-28752023-12-012211810.1186/s12936-023-04813-xFirst report of Anopheles stephensi from southern EthiopiaDawit Hawaria0Solomon Kibret1Daibin Zhong2Ming-Chieh Lee3Kidane Lelisa4Belayneh Bekele5Muntasha Birhanu6Mathe Mengesha7Hiwot Solomon8Delenesaw Yewhalaw9Guiyun Yan10School of Environmental Health, Hawassa UniversityWest Valley Mosquito and Vector Control DistrictProgram in Public Health, University of California at IrvineProgram in Public Health, University of California at IrvineDepartment of Biology, Dilla UniversityDisease Prevention Department, Sidama Regional Health BureauHawassa City Administration Health DepartmentSidama Regional Public Health InstituteMinistry of HealthTropical and Infectious Diseases Research Centre (TIDRC), Jimma UniversityProgram in Public Health, University of California at IrvineAbstract Background Anopheles stephensi is an emerging exotic invasive urban malaria vector in East Africa. The World Health Organization recently announced an initiative to take concerted actions to limit this vector’s expansion by strengthening surveillance and control in invaded and potentially receptive territories in Africa. This study sought to determine the invasion of An. stephensi in southern Ethiopia. Methods A targeted entomological survey, both larvae and adult, was conducted in Hawassa City, southern Ethiopia between November 2022 and February 2023. Anopheles larvae were reared to adults for species identification. CDC light traps and BG Pro traps were used indoors and outdoors overnight at selected houses to collect adult mosquitoes in the study area. Prokopack aspirator was employed to sample indoor resting mosquitoes in the morning. Adults of An. stephensi was identified using morphological keys and then confirmed by PCR. Results Larvae of An. stephensi were found in 28 (16.6%) of the 169 potential mosquito breeding sites surveyed. Out of 548 adult female Anopheles mosquitoes reared from larvae, 234 (42.7%) were identified as An. stephensi morphologically. A total of 449 female anophelines were caught, of which 53 (12.0%) were An. stephensi. Other anopheline species collected in the study area included Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.), Anopheles pharoensis, Anopheles coustani, and Anopheles demeilloni. Conclusion This study confirmed the presence of An. stephensi in southern Ethiopia. The presence of both larval and adult stages of this mosquito attests that this species established sympatric colonization with native vector species such as An. gambiae (s.l.) in southern Ethiopia. The findings warrant further investigation on the ecology, behaviour, population genetics, and role of An. stephensi in malaria transmission in Ethiopia.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-023-04813-xAnopheles stephensiMalariaMosquito breedingMosquito habitatEthiopia |
| spellingShingle | Dawit Hawaria Solomon Kibret Daibin Zhong Ming-Chieh Lee Kidane Lelisa Belayneh Bekele Muntasha Birhanu Mathe Mengesha Hiwot Solomon Delenesaw Yewhalaw Guiyun Yan First report of Anopheles stephensi from southern Ethiopia Malaria Journal Anopheles stephensi Malaria Mosquito breeding Mosquito habitat Ethiopia |
| title | First report of Anopheles stephensi from southern Ethiopia |
| title_full | First report of Anopheles stephensi from southern Ethiopia |
| title_fullStr | First report of Anopheles stephensi from southern Ethiopia |
| title_full_unstemmed | First report of Anopheles stephensi from southern Ethiopia |
| title_short | First report of Anopheles stephensi from southern Ethiopia |
| title_sort | first report of anopheles stephensi from southern ethiopia |
| topic | Anopheles stephensi Malaria Mosquito breeding Mosquito habitat Ethiopia |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-023-04813-x |
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