Copper and Zinc Treatments Alter the Thyroid Endocrine System in Zebrafish Embryos/Larvae
Copper (Cu<sup>2+</sup>) and zinc (Zn<sup>2+</sup>) are two kinds of heavy metals essential to living organisms. Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Zn<sup>2+</sup> at excessive concentrations can cause adverse effects on animals, but little is known about the thyroid...
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Toxics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/10/12/756 |
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| author | Liqiao Zhong He Zhang Luyin Wu Huijun Ru Nian Wei Fan Yao Zhaohui Ni Xinbin Duan Yunfeng Li |
| author_facet | Liqiao Zhong He Zhang Luyin Wu Huijun Ru Nian Wei Fan Yao Zhaohui Ni Xinbin Duan Yunfeng Li |
| author_sort | Liqiao Zhong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Copper (Cu<sup>2+</sup>) and zinc (Zn<sup>2+</sup>) are two kinds of heavy metals essential to living organisms. Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Zn<sup>2+</sup> at excessive concentrations can cause adverse effects on animals, but little is known about the thyroid-disrupting effects of these metals in fish, especially in the early developmental transition stage from embryos to larvae. Wild-type zebrafish embryos were used to expose to Cu<sup>2+</sup> (0, 1.5, 15, and 150 μg/L) and Zn<sup>2+</sup> (0, 20, 200, and 2000 μg/L) for 120 h. Thyroid hormone contents and transcriptional changes of the genes connected with the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis were measured. Results showed that zebrafish embryos/larvae malformation rates were significantly increased in the Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Zn<sup>2+</sup> groups. Remarkably elevated thyroxine (T4) concentrations and reduced triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations were observed in Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Zn<sup>2+</sup> exposure fish. And the expression patterns of genes connected with the HPT axis were changed after Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Zn<sup>2+</sup> treatment. Based on principal component analysis (PCA) results, Zn<sup>2+</sup> caused significant effects on the thyroid endocrine system at 200 μg/L, while Cu<sup>2+</sup> resulted in thyroid disruption as low as 1.5 μg/L. In short, our study demonstrated that exposure to Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Zn<sup>2+</sup> induced developmental toxicity and thyroid disruption to zebrafish embryos/larvae. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:46:43Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:46:43Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxics |
| spelling | doaj.art-70e2cdbfcdeb4f16b565d81e9c863f9d2023-11-24T18:25:21ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042022-12-01101275610.3390/toxics10120756Copper and Zinc Treatments Alter the Thyroid Endocrine System in Zebrafish Embryos/LarvaeLiqiao Zhong0He Zhang1Luyin Wu2Huijun Ru3Nian Wei4Fan Yao5Zhaohui Ni6Xinbin Duan7Yunfeng Li8Fishery Resources and Environmental Science Experimental Station of the Upper-Middle Reaches of Yangtze River (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, ChinaZhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, ChinaFishery Resources and Environmental Science Experimental Station of the Upper-Middle Reaches of Yangtze River (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, ChinaFishery Resources and Environmental Science Experimental Station of the Upper-Middle Reaches of Yangtze River (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, ChinaFishery Resources and Environmental Science Experimental Station of the Upper-Middle Reaches of Yangtze River (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, ChinaFishery Resources and Environmental Science Experimental Station of the Upper-Middle Reaches of Yangtze River (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, ChinaFishery Resources and Environmental Science Experimental Station of the Upper-Middle Reaches of Yangtze River (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, ChinaFishery Resources and Environmental Science Experimental Station of the Upper-Middle Reaches of Yangtze River (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, ChinaFishery Resources and Environmental Science Experimental Station of the Upper-Middle Reaches of Yangtze River (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, ChinaCopper (Cu<sup>2+</sup>) and zinc (Zn<sup>2+</sup>) are two kinds of heavy metals essential to living organisms. Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Zn<sup>2+</sup> at excessive concentrations can cause adverse effects on animals, but little is known about the thyroid-disrupting effects of these metals in fish, especially in the early developmental transition stage from embryos to larvae. Wild-type zebrafish embryos were used to expose to Cu<sup>2+</sup> (0, 1.5, 15, and 150 μg/L) and Zn<sup>2+</sup> (0, 20, 200, and 2000 μg/L) for 120 h. Thyroid hormone contents and transcriptional changes of the genes connected with the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis were measured. Results showed that zebrafish embryos/larvae malformation rates were significantly increased in the Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Zn<sup>2+</sup> groups. Remarkably elevated thyroxine (T4) concentrations and reduced triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations were observed in Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Zn<sup>2+</sup> exposure fish. And the expression patterns of genes connected with the HPT axis were changed after Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Zn<sup>2+</sup> treatment. Based on principal component analysis (PCA) results, Zn<sup>2+</sup> caused significant effects on the thyroid endocrine system at 200 μg/L, while Cu<sup>2+</sup> resulted in thyroid disruption as low as 1.5 μg/L. In short, our study demonstrated that exposure to Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Zn<sup>2+</sup> induced developmental toxicity and thyroid disruption to zebrafish embryos/larvae.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/10/12/756copper and zinchypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axisthyroid disruptionzebrafish |
| spellingShingle | Liqiao Zhong He Zhang Luyin Wu Huijun Ru Nian Wei Fan Yao Zhaohui Ni Xinbin Duan Yunfeng Li Copper and Zinc Treatments Alter the Thyroid Endocrine System in Zebrafish Embryos/Larvae Toxics copper and zinc hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis thyroid disruption zebrafish |
| title | Copper and Zinc Treatments Alter the Thyroid Endocrine System in Zebrafish Embryos/Larvae |
| title_full | Copper and Zinc Treatments Alter the Thyroid Endocrine System in Zebrafish Embryos/Larvae |
| title_fullStr | Copper and Zinc Treatments Alter the Thyroid Endocrine System in Zebrafish Embryos/Larvae |
| title_full_unstemmed | Copper and Zinc Treatments Alter the Thyroid Endocrine System in Zebrafish Embryos/Larvae |
| title_short | Copper and Zinc Treatments Alter the Thyroid Endocrine System in Zebrafish Embryos/Larvae |
| title_sort | copper and zinc treatments alter the thyroid endocrine system in zebrafish embryos larvae |
| topic | copper and zinc hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis thyroid disruption zebrafish |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/10/12/756 |
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