| Summary: | In this paper, a flame-retardant, UV-cured coating was prepared on the fiber composites’ (FC) surface via a thiol-ene click reaction using pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate) (PETMP), triallyl cyanurate (TAC), and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate phosphate (PM-2). The synergistic effectiveness of phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N), and sulfur (S) was studied in detail by changing the proportion of these reactants. Sample S<sub>4</sub>(N<sub>3</sub>P<sub>2</sub>)<sub>6,</sub> with a molar ratio of N and P elements of 3:2, and the thiol and vinyl groups of 4:6 had the highest LOI value (28.6%) and was self-extinguishing in the horizontal combustion test. It had the lowest peak heat release rate (PHRR) value (279.25 kW/m<sup>2</sup>) and total smoke production (2.18 m<sup>2</sup>). Moreover, the thermogravimetric analysis (TG) showed that the decomposition process of the coated composites was delayed. The conversion rate of the double bond and the thiol of S<sub>4</sub>(N<sub>3</sub>P<sub>2</sub>)<sub>6</sub> was 100% and 92.0%, respectively, which showed that the cross-linked network structure was successfully formed. The tensile strength and the flexural strength of coated composites improved, and the transparency of the coating can reach 90%. These characteristics showed that the UV-cured coatings could be used in industrial production to effectively prevent fires.
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