Gender and urinary pH affect melamine-associated kidney stone formation risk
Objectives : Melamine was known as a new risk for kidney stone due to recent incidences of milk powder contamination in China. Here, we performed a retrospective study to investigate whether age, gender, and urinary pH affect melamine-associated kidney stone risk. Materials and Methods : A retrospe...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2011-01-01
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| Series: | Urology Annals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.urologyannals.com/article.asp?issn=0974-7796;year=2011;volume=3;issue=2;spage=71;epage=74;aulast=Lu |
| Summary: | Objectives : Melamine was known as a new risk for kidney stone due to recent incidences of milk powder contamination in China. Here, we performed a retrospective study to investigate whether age, gender, and urinary pH affect melamine-associated kidney stone risk.
Materials and Methods : A retrospective review was performed of 217 children aged less than 3 years old. All children had a history of being fed with Sanlu milk powder contaminated by melamine, and underwent a clinical screening on kidney stone in Shenyang from November 2008 to February 2009. A comparison with the Chi-square was conducted between 83 cases and 125 normal subjects. The difference between children′s gender, age, and urinary pH was evaluated.
Results : A total of 208 subjects, 136 boys and 72 girls, were included in the study. Significant association was observed between melamine-associated kidney stone risk and gender [odds ratio (OR), 2.03; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.11-3.74; P=0.02] and urinary pH (OR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.01-3.11; P=0.04), respectively. Male children were at about twofold increased melamine-associated kidney stone risk compared with female children. Acidic urine showed about 1.78-fold increased melamine-associated kidney stone risk compared with normal urine.
Conclusions : Our investigation results showed an association of gender and urinary pH with melamine-associated kidney stone formation risk. |
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| ISSN: | 0974-7796 0974-7834 |