Precipitation Dominates the Distribution of Species Richness on the Kunlun–Pamir Plateau
The Kunlun–Pamir Plateau is a globally irreplaceable biodiversity reserve, yet it is still unclear what causes the distribution of species richness. Here, we relied on the productivity and the water–energy dynamics hypotheses to investigate the distribution pattern of species richness (and its deter...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/24/6187 |
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| author | Xiaoran Huang Anming Bao Junfeng Zhang Tao Yu Guoxiong Zheng Ye Yuan Ting Wang Vincent Nzabarinda Philippe De Maeyer Tim Van de Voorde |
| author_facet | Xiaoran Huang Anming Bao Junfeng Zhang Tao Yu Guoxiong Zheng Ye Yuan Ting Wang Vincent Nzabarinda Philippe De Maeyer Tim Van de Voorde |
| author_sort | Xiaoran Huang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Kunlun–Pamir Plateau is a globally irreplaceable biodiversity reserve, yet it is still unclear what causes the distribution of species richness. Here, we relied on the productivity and the water–energy dynamics hypotheses to investigate the distribution pattern of species richness (and its determinants) in the Kunlun–Pamir Plateau. The productivity hypothesis is mainly based on five MODIS products (NDVI, EVI, FPAR, LAI and GPP), which were calculated for three Dynamic Habitat Indices (DHIs): (1) cumulative productivity (CumDHI), (2) minimum productivity (MinDHI) and (3) intra-annual variation productivity (VarDHI). The CumDHI was applied to assess whether or not more energy has a higher species richness value. The MinDHI was used to determine and evaluate the higher minimums, leading to a higher species richness. The VarDHI was the annual variation value in productivity and was utilized to assess if the reduced intra-annual variability triggers a higher species richness. We found that the DHIs based on the FPAR correlated slightly higher with the mammal, bird, breeding bird and non-breeding bird richness (than those based on the other four DHIs, and the values were 0.24, 0.25, 0.24 and 0.01, respectively). The correlation between the climate variables and the mammals, birds, breeding birds and non-breeding birds was bigger at 0.24, 0.54, 0.54 and 0.02, respectively, and was mainly dominated by the precipitation-related climatic factors. The water–energy dynamic hypothesis is better suited to the Kunlun–Pamir Plateau than the productivity hypothesis. Our results might provide valuable information regarding the biodiversity conservation in this region. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:54:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-70f5160ba086427684b89288ebfbedf5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:54:31Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-70f5160ba086427684b89288ebfbedf52023-11-24T17:45:35ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922022-12-011424618710.3390/rs14246187Precipitation Dominates the Distribution of Species Richness on the Kunlun–Pamir PlateauXiaoran Huang0Anming Bao1Junfeng Zhang2Tao Yu3Guoxiong Zheng4Ye Yuan5Ting Wang6Vincent Nzabarinda7Philippe De Maeyer8Tim Van de Voorde9Key Laboratory of Smart City and Environment Modelling of Higher Education Institute, College of Resources and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, ChinaResearch Centre for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, ChinaCollege of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, ChinaDepartment of Geography, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumDepartment of Geography, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumThe Kunlun–Pamir Plateau is a globally irreplaceable biodiversity reserve, yet it is still unclear what causes the distribution of species richness. Here, we relied on the productivity and the water–energy dynamics hypotheses to investigate the distribution pattern of species richness (and its determinants) in the Kunlun–Pamir Plateau. The productivity hypothesis is mainly based on five MODIS products (NDVI, EVI, FPAR, LAI and GPP), which were calculated for three Dynamic Habitat Indices (DHIs): (1) cumulative productivity (CumDHI), (2) minimum productivity (MinDHI) and (3) intra-annual variation productivity (VarDHI). The CumDHI was applied to assess whether or not more energy has a higher species richness value. The MinDHI was used to determine and evaluate the higher minimums, leading to a higher species richness. The VarDHI was the annual variation value in productivity and was utilized to assess if the reduced intra-annual variability triggers a higher species richness. We found that the DHIs based on the FPAR correlated slightly higher with the mammal, bird, breeding bird and non-breeding bird richness (than those based on the other four DHIs, and the values were 0.24, 0.25, 0.24 and 0.01, respectively). The correlation between the climate variables and the mammals, birds, breeding birds and non-breeding birds was bigger at 0.24, 0.54, 0.54 and 0.02, respectively, and was mainly dominated by the precipitation-related climatic factors. The water–energy dynamic hypothesis is better suited to the Kunlun–Pamir Plateau than the productivity hypothesis. Our results might provide valuable information regarding the biodiversity conservation in this region.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/24/6187species richnessdynamic habitat indexproductivity hypothesiswater–energy dynamic hypothesisKunlun–Pamir Plateau |
| spellingShingle | Xiaoran Huang Anming Bao Junfeng Zhang Tao Yu Guoxiong Zheng Ye Yuan Ting Wang Vincent Nzabarinda Philippe De Maeyer Tim Van de Voorde Precipitation Dominates the Distribution of Species Richness on the Kunlun–Pamir Plateau Remote Sensing species richness dynamic habitat index productivity hypothesis water–energy dynamic hypothesis Kunlun–Pamir Plateau |
| title | Precipitation Dominates the Distribution of Species Richness on the Kunlun–Pamir Plateau |
| title_full | Precipitation Dominates the Distribution of Species Richness on the Kunlun–Pamir Plateau |
| title_fullStr | Precipitation Dominates the Distribution of Species Richness on the Kunlun–Pamir Plateau |
| title_full_unstemmed | Precipitation Dominates the Distribution of Species Richness on the Kunlun–Pamir Plateau |
| title_short | Precipitation Dominates the Distribution of Species Richness on the Kunlun–Pamir Plateau |
| title_sort | precipitation dominates the distribution of species richness on the kunlun pamir plateau |
| topic | species richness dynamic habitat index productivity hypothesis water–energy dynamic hypothesis Kunlun–Pamir Plateau |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/24/6187 |
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