Pericardial effusion secondary to epicardial undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma in a young cat
Case summary A 6.4 kg 3-year-old male neutered indoor–outdoor domestic shorthair cat was referred for further evaluation of non-resolving lethargy and hyporexia of 4 days’ duration. Physical examination identified tachypnea with mild respiratory effort and muffled lung sounds bilaterally. Point-of-c...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SAGE Publishing
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1177/20551169231162484 |
| _version_ | 1797832424095219712 |
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| author | Marisa D Stone Rebecca K Davies Heather A Kridel |
| author_facet | Marisa D Stone Rebecca K Davies Heather A Kridel |
| author_sort | Marisa D Stone |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Case summary A 6.4 kg 3-year-old male neutered indoor–outdoor domestic shorthair cat was referred for further evaluation of non-resolving lethargy and hyporexia of 4 days’ duration. Physical examination identified tachypnea with mild respiratory effort and muffled lung sounds bilaterally. Point-of-care ultrasound revealed a large volume of pleural and pericardial effusion (PCE), which was confirmed by thoracic radiography. Echocardiogram indicated normal cardiac function but revealed a mass-like structure along the left epicardium within the pericardial space. After 72 hours in hospital, re-evaluation via echocardiogram showed the epicardial mass lesion to have doubled in size and with apparent extension to involve the pericardium. The patient was hospitalized for 72 h of supportive care and intervention, including therapeutic pericardiocentesis, bilateral thoracocentesis, thoracic and cardiac imaging and infectious disease testing. On the third day of hospitalization, the patient developed cardiac tamponade. Further workup was discussed, including CT and subtotal pericardiectomy with biopsy, but the cat was euthanized due to clinical decline and rapid re-accumulation of effusion. Post-mortem histopathologic evaluation diagnosed an epicardial pleomorphic sarcoma, exclusive of mesothelioma or histiocytic sarcoma on immunohistochemistry (IHC). Relevance and novel information This report describes a case of epicardial undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) in a young cat presenting with pleural and PCE. Pleomorphic sarcoma is a rarely reported mesenchymal neoplasia in the feline patient and has thus far primarily been identified in peripheral soft tissue structures. IHC is key to the correct histopathologic diagnosis. To our knowledge, epicardial UPS has not been previously reported in a cat. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T14:07:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7103f4f7c3764f189041ea4e6ab4f9f8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2055-1169 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T14:07:35Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | SAGE Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-7103f4f7c3764f189041ea4e6ab4f9f82023-05-06T19:03:24ZengSAGE PublishingJournal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports2055-11692023-05-01910.1177/20551169231162484Pericardial effusion secondary to epicardial undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma in a young catMarisa D Stone0Rebecca K Davies1Heather A Kridel2Ocean State Veterinary Specialists, East Greenwich, RI, USAMassachusetts Veterinary Referral Hospital, Woburn, MA, USAZoetis Reference Laboratories, Parsippany, NJ, USACase summary A 6.4 kg 3-year-old male neutered indoor–outdoor domestic shorthair cat was referred for further evaluation of non-resolving lethargy and hyporexia of 4 days’ duration. Physical examination identified tachypnea with mild respiratory effort and muffled lung sounds bilaterally. Point-of-care ultrasound revealed a large volume of pleural and pericardial effusion (PCE), which was confirmed by thoracic radiography. Echocardiogram indicated normal cardiac function but revealed a mass-like structure along the left epicardium within the pericardial space. After 72 hours in hospital, re-evaluation via echocardiogram showed the epicardial mass lesion to have doubled in size and with apparent extension to involve the pericardium. The patient was hospitalized for 72 h of supportive care and intervention, including therapeutic pericardiocentesis, bilateral thoracocentesis, thoracic and cardiac imaging and infectious disease testing. On the third day of hospitalization, the patient developed cardiac tamponade. Further workup was discussed, including CT and subtotal pericardiectomy with biopsy, but the cat was euthanized due to clinical decline and rapid re-accumulation of effusion. Post-mortem histopathologic evaluation diagnosed an epicardial pleomorphic sarcoma, exclusive of mesothelioma or histiocytic sarcoma on immunohistochemistry (IHC). Relevance and novel information This report describes a case of epicardial undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) in a young cat presenting with pleural and PCE. Pleomorphic sarcoma is a rarely reported mesenchymal neoplasia in the feline patient and has thus far primarily been identified in peripheral soft tissue structures. IHC is key to the correct histopathologic diagnosis. To our knowledge, epicardial UPS has not been previously reported in a cat.https://doi.org/10.1177/20551169231162484 |
| spellingShingle | Marisa D Stone Rebecca K Davies Heather A Kridel Pericardial effusion secondary to epicardial undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma in a young cat Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports |
| title | Pericardial effusion secondary to epicardial undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma in a young cat |
| title_full | Pericardial effusion secondary to epicardial undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma in a young cat |
| title_fullStr | Pericardial effusion secondary to epicardial undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma in a young cat |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pericardial effusion secondary to epicardial undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma in a young cat |
| title_short | Pericardial effusion secondary to epicardial undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma in a young cat |
| title_sort | pericardial effusion secondary to epicardial undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma in a young cat |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1177/20551169231162484 |
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