Arabinogalactan Proteins Occur in the Free-Living Cyanobacterium Genus Nostoc and in Plant–Nostoc Symbioses
Arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are a diverse family of proteoglycans associated with the cell surfaces of plants. AGP have been implicated in a wide variety of plant cell processes, including signaling in symbioses. This study investigates the existence of putative AGP in free-living cyanobacterial...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The American Phytopathological Society
2012-10-01
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| Series: | Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| Online Access: | https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI-04-12-0095-R |
| _version_ | 1811290203318386688 |
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| author | Owen Jackson Oliver Taylor David G. Adams J. Paul Knox |
| author_facet | Owen Jackson Oliver Taylor David G. Adams J. Paul Knox |
| author_sort | Owen Jackson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are a diverse family of proteoglycans associated with the cell surfaces of plants. AGP have been implicated in a wide variety of plant cell processes, including signaling in symbioses. This study investigates the existence of putative AGP in free-living cyanobacterial cultures of the nitrogen-fixing, filamentous cyanobacteria Nostoc punctiforme and Nostoc sp. strain LBG1 and at the symbiotic interface in the symbioses between Nostoc spp. and two host plants, the angiosperm Gunnera manicata (in which the cyanobacterium is intracellular) and the liverwort Blasia pusilla (in which the cyanobacterium is extracellular). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence analyses demonstrated that three AGP glycan epitopes (recognized by monoclonal antibodies LM14, MAC207, and LM2) are present in free-living Nostoc cyanobacterial species. The same three AGP glycan epitopes are present at the Gunnera–Nostoc symbiotic interface and the LM2 epitope is detected during the establishment of the Blasia–Nostoc symbiosis. Bioinformatic analysis of the N. punctiforme genome identified five putative AGP core proteins that are representative of AGP classes found in plants. These results suggest a possible involvement of AGP in cyanobacterial–plant symbioses and are also suggestive of a cyanobacterial origin of AGP. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T04:08:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-711e406f1b014a7b8f5d23abf563cf83 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0894-0282 1943-7706 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T04:08:50Z |
| publishDate | 2012-10-01 |
| publisher | The American Phytopathological Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| spelling | doaj.art-711e406f1b014a7b8f5d23abf563cf832022-12-22T03:03:10ZengThe American Phytopathological SocietyMolecular Plant-Microbe Interactions0894-02821943-77062012-10-0125101338134910.1094/MPMI-04-12-0095-RArabinogalactan Proteins Occur in the Free-Living Cyanobacterium Genus Nostoc and in Plant–Nostoc SymbiosesOwen JacksonOliver TaylorDavid G. AdamsJ. Paul KnoxArabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are a diverse family of proteoglycans associated with the cell surfaces of plants. AGP have been implicated in a wide variety of plant cell processes, including signaling in symbioses. This study investigates the existence of putative AGP in free-living cyanobacterial cultures of the nitrogen-fixing, filamentous cyanobacteria Nostoc punctiforme and Nostoc sp. strain LBG1 and at the symbiotic interface in the symbioses between Nostoc spp. and two host plants, the angiosperm Gunnera manicata (in which the cyanobacterium is intracellular) and the liverwort Blasia pusilla (in which the cyanobacterium is extracellular). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence analyses demonstrated that three AGP glycan epitopes (recognized by monoclonal antibodies LM14, MAC207, and LM2) are present in free-living Nostoc cyanobacterial species. The same three AGP glycan epitopes are present at the Gunnera–Nostoc symbiotic interface and the LM2 epitope is detected during the establishment of the Blasia–Nostoc symbiosis. Bioinformatic analysis of the N. punctiforme genome identified five putative AGP core proteins that are representative of AGP classes found in plants. These results suggest a possible involvement of AGP in cyanobacterial–plant symbioses and are also suggestive of a cyanobacterial origin of AGP.https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI-04-12-0095-R |
| spellingShingle | Owen Jackson Oliver Taylor David G. Adams J. Paul Knox Arabinogalactan Proteins Occur in the Free-Living Cyanobacterium Genus Nostoc and in Plant–Nostoc Symbioses Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| title | Arabinogalactan Proteins Occur in the Free-Living Cyanobacterium Genus Nostoc and in Plant–Nostoc Symbioses |
| title_full | Arabinogalactan Proteins Occur in the Free-Living Cyanobacterium Genus Nostoc and in Plant–Nostoc Symbioses |
| title_fullStr | Arabinogalactan Proteins Occur in the Free-Living Cyanobacterium Genus Nostoc and in Plant–Nostoc Symbioses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Arabinogalactan Proteins Occur in the Free-Living Cyanobacterium Genus Nostoc and in Plant–Nostoc Symbioses |
| title_short | Arabinogalactan Proteins Occur in the Free-Living Cyanobacterium Genus Nostoc and in Plant–Nostoc Symbioses |
| title_sort | arabinogalactan proteins occur in the free living cyanobacterium genus nostoc and in plant nostoc symbioses |
| url | https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI-04-12-0095-R |
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