Diet quality in relation to the risk of hypertension among Iranian adults: cross-sectional analysis of Fasa PERSIAN cohort study
Abstract Background Hypertension is a common chronic disease with various complications and is a main contributing factor to cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to assess the association of diet quality, assessed by dietary diversity score (DDS), Mediterranean dietary score (MDS), diet qu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Nutrition Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-021-00717-1 |
| _version_ | 1829135336488304640 |
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| author | Amir Motamedi Maryam Ekramzadeh Ehsan Bahramali Mojtaba Farjam Reza Homayounfar |
| author_facet | Amir Motamedi Maryam Ekramzadeh Ehsan Bahramali Mojtaba Farjam Reza Homayounfar |
| author_sort | Amir Motamedi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Hypertension is a common chronic disease with various complications and is a main contributing factor to cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to assess the association of diet quality, assessed by dietary diversity score (DDS), Mediterranean dietary score (MDS), diet quality index-international (DQI-I), and healthy eating index-2015 (HEI-2015) with the risk of hypertension. Methods This study recruited a total of 10,111 individuals (45.14% male) with mean age of 48.63 ± 9.57 years from the Fasa Cohort Study, Iran. Indices of diet quality, including MDS, HEI-2015, DQI-I, and DDS were computed by a 125-item Food Frequency Questionnaire. Participants were diagnosed as hypertensive if they had a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥90 mmHg, systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥140 mmHg,, or used antihypertensive drugs. Results Hypertension was prevalent in 28.3% of the population (21.59% in males and 33.74% in females). In the whole population, after adjustment for potential covariates, including daily energy intake, age, gender, physical activity, smoking, family history of hypertension, body mass index, and the level of education, higher adherence to the MDS (OR: 0.86, 95%CI = 0.75–0.99) and HEI-2015 (OR: 0.79, 95%CI = 0.68–0.90) was significantly associated with decreased risk of hypertension. The protective effect of HEI-2015 against hypertension remained significant for both males (OR: 0.80, 95%CI = 0.64–0.99) and females (OR: 0.78, 95%CI = 0.66–0.94), while, for MDS, this relationship disappeared in the subgroup analysis by gender. DQI-I and DDS were not related to the odds of hypertension. Conclusions Adhering to MDS and HEI-2015 diets could contribute to the prevention of hypertension. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T18:22:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-712137bd784b48b2bfc36646f646d022 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1475-2891 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T18:22:18Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrition Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-712137bd784b48b2bfc36646f646d0222022-12-21T22:52:02ZengBMCNutrition Journal1475-28912021-06-0120111010.1186/s12937-021-00717-1Diet quality in relation to the risk of hypertension among Iranian adults: cross-sectional analysis of Fasa PERSIAN cohort studyAmir Motamedi0Maryam Ekramzadeh1Ehsan Bahramali2Mojtaba Farjam3Reza Homayounfar4Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesNutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesNoncommunicable diseases research center, Fasa university of medical sciencesNoncommunicable diseases research center, Fasa university of medical sciencesNoncommunicable diseases research center, Fasa university of medical sciencesAbstract Background Hypertension is a common chronic disease with various complications and is a main contributing factor to cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to assess the association of diet quality, assessed by dietary diversity score (DDS), Mediterranean dietary score (MDS), diet quality index-international (DQI-I), and healthy eating index-2015 (HEI-2015) with the risk of hypertension. Methods This study recruited a total of 10,111 individuals (45.14% male) with mean age of 48.63 ± 9.57 years from the Fasa Cohort Study, Iran. Indices of diet quality, including MDS, HEI-2015, DQI-I, and DDS were computed by a 125-item Food Frequency Questionnaire. Participants were diagnosed as hypertensive if they had a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥90 mmHg, systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥140 mmHg,, or used antihypertensive drugs. Results Hypertension was prevalent in 28.3% of the population (21.59% in males and 33.74% in females). In the whole population, after adjustment for potential covariates, including daily energy intake, age, gender, physical activity, smoking, family history of hypertension, body mass index, and the level of education, higher adherence to the MDS (OR: 0.86, 95%CI = 0.75–0.99) and HEI-2015 (OR: 0.79, 95%CI = 0.68–0.90) was significantly associated with decreased risk of hypertension. The protective effect of HEI-2015 against hypertension remained significant for both males (OR: 0.80, 95%CI = 0.64–0.99) and females (OR: 0.78, 95%CI = 0.66–0.94), while, for MDS, this relationship disappeared in the subgroup analysis by gender. DQI-I and DDS were not related to the odds of hypertension. Conclusions Adhering to MDS and HEI-2015 diets could contribute to the prevention of hypertension.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-021-00717-1Mediterranean dietDiet quality index-internationalHealthy eating index-2015Dietary diversity scoreHypertension |
| spellingShingle | Amir Motamedi Maryam Ekramzadeh Ehsan Bahramali Mojtaba Farjam Reza Homayounfar Diet quality in relation to the risk of hypertension among Iranian adults: cross-sectional analysis of Fasa PERSIAN cohort study Nutrition Journal Mediterranean diet Diet quality index-international Healthy eating index-2015 Dietary diversity score Hypertension |
| title | Diet quality in relation to the risk of hypertension among Iranian adults: cross-sectional analysis of Fasa PERSIAN cohort study |
| title_full | Diet quality in relation to the risk of hypertension among Iranian adults: cross-sectional analysis of Fasa PERSIAN cohort study |
| title_fullStr | Diet quality in relation to the risk of hypertension among Iranian adults: cross-sectional analysis of Fasa PERSIAN cohort study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diet quality in relation to the risk of hypertension among Iranian adults: cross-sectional analysis of Fasa PERSIAN cohort study |
| title_short | Diet quality in relation to the risk of hypertension among Iranian adults: cross-sectional analysis of Fasa PERSIAN cohort study |
| title_sort | diet quality in relation to the risk of hypertension among iranian adults cross sectional analysis of fasa persian cohort study |
| topic | Mediterranean diet Diet quality index-international Healthy eating index-2015 Dietary diversity score Hypertension |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-021-00717-1 |
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