Feasibility of near-infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics analysis for discrimination of Cymbopogon nardus from Cymbopogon citratus
The authenticity of essential oils has become an important issue in supplying essential oil raw materials for the pharmaceutical, perfume, and cosmetic industries. Citronella oil is one of the essential oils used in those industries. Cymbopogon nardus is one of the lemongrass species that can produc...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Arabian Journal of Chemistry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535222005937 |
| _version_ | 1811304777686974464 |
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| author | Mohamad Rafi Antonio Kautsar Dewi Anggraini Septaningsih Puput Melati Rudi Heryanto Irmanida Batubara Utami Dyah Syafitri Zulhan Arif Nancy Dewi Yuliana Tohru Mitsunaga Erni Susanti |
| author_facet | Mohamad Rafi Antonio Kautsar Dewi Anggraini Septaningsih Puput Melati Rudi Heryanto Irmanida Batubara Utami Dyah Syafitri Zulhan Arif Nancy Dewi Yuliana Tohru Mitsunaga Erni Susanti |
| author_sort | Mohamad Rafi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The authenticity of essential oils has become an important issue in supplying essential oil raw materials for the pharmaceutical, perfume, and cosmetic industries. Citronella oil is one of the essential oils used in those industries. Cymbopogon nardus is one of the lemongrass species that can produce citronella oil. However, with the high price of citronella oil from C. nardus, there is a possibility of being substituted or adulterated with closely related plants, namely Cymbopogon citratus. This paper described the feasibility of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics analysis for rapid identification and authentication of C. nardus from C. citratus essential oil. NIR spectra of both essential oils and their mixture (10 % and 25 % v/v of C. citratus in C. nardus) showed a similar spectral profile, so we cannot easily discriminate them and need help from chemometrics analysis. For chemometrics analysis, we used absorbance data from the preprocessed NIR spectra at wavenumbers 4000–6500 cm−1. Using PCA, we could separate each essential oil from C. nardus and C. citratus but cannot discriminate between 10 % and 25 % of CC in CN. While using OPLS-DA with R2X(cum) = 0.88, R2Y(cum) = 0.859 and Q2(cum) = 0.723, we could group each sample. The OPLS-DA score plot clearly shows the difference between C. nardus and C. citratus essential oils and their mixtures. The combination of NIR and OPLS-DA could provide a suitable method for identifying and authenticating C. nardus from C. citratus essential oil. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T08:13:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-713342f896664fe792a516338a97604d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1878-5352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T08:13:39Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Arabian Journal of Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-713342f896664fe792a516338a97604d2022-12-22T02:54:53ZengElsevierArabian Journal of Chemistry1878-53522022-12-011512104277Feasibility of near-infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics analysis for discrimination of Cymbopogon nardus from Cymbopogon citratusMohamad Rafi0Antonio Kautsar1Dewi Anggraini Septaningsih2Puput Melati3Rudi Heryanto4Irmanida Batubara5Utami Dyah Syafitri6Zulhan Arif7Nancy Dewi Yuliana8Tohru Mitsunaga9Erni Susanti10Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center-Institute of Research and Community Services, IPB University, Jalan Taman Kencana No. 3 Kampus IPB Taman Kencana, Bogor 16128, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Jalan Tanjung Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia; Corresponding author at: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Jalan Tanjung Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia.Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center-Institute of Research and Community Services, IPB University, Jalan Taman Kencana No. 3 Kampus IPB Taman Kencana, Bogor 16128, IndonesiaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Jalan Tanjung Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia; Advanced Research Laboratory, Institute of Research and Community Services, IPB University, Jalan Palem Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, IndonesiaTropical Biopharmaca Research Center-Institute of Research and Community Services, IPB University, Jalan Taman Kencana No. 3 Kampus IPB Taman Kencana, Bogor 16128, IndonesiaTropical Biopharmaca Research Center-Institute of Research and Community Services, IPB University, Jalan Taman Kencana No. 3 Kampus IPB Taman Kencana, Bogor 16128, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Jalan Tanjung Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, IndonesiaTropical Biopharmaca Research Center-Institute of Research and Community Services, IPB University, Jalan Taman Kencana No. 3 Kampus IPB Taman Kencana, Bogor 16128, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Jalan Tanjung Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, IndonesiaDepartment of Statistics and Data Sciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, IndonesiaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Jalan Tanjung Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, IndonesiaDepartment of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, IPB University, Bogor 16680, IndonesiaFaculty of Applied Biological Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, JapanPT Buchi Indonesia, ESA 8 Building, Lantai 5, Suite 1 – 3, Jl. Ir. Soekarno Kav. 3-5, Paramount, Gading Serpong Tangerang 15332, IndonesiaThe authenticity of essential oils has become an important issue in supplying essential oil raw materials for the pharmaceutical, perfume, and cosmetic industries. Citronella oil is one of the essential oils used in those industries. Cymbopogon nardus is one of the lemongrass species that can produce citronella oil. However, with the high price of citronella oil from C. nardus, there is a possibility of being substituted or adulterated with closely related plants, namely Cymbopogon citratus. This paper described the feasibility of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics analysis for rapid identification and authentication of C. nardus from C. citratus essential oil. NIR spectra of both essential oils and their mixture (10 % and 25 % v/v of C. citratus in C. nardus) showed a similar spectral profile, so we cannot easily discriminate them and need help from chemometrics analysis. For chemometrics analysis, we used absorbance data from the preprocessed NIR spectra at wavenumbers 4000–6500 cm−1. Using PCA, we could separate each essential oil from C. nardus and C. citratus but cannot discriminate between 10 % and 25 % of CC in CN. While using OPLS-DA with R2X(cum) = 0.88, R2Y(cum) = 0.859 and Q2(cum) = 0.723, we could group each sample. The OPLS-DA score plot clearly shows the difference between C. nardus and C. citratus essential oils and their mixtures. The combination of NIR and OPLS-DA could provide a suitable method for identifying and authenticating C. nardus from C. citratus essential oil.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535222005937Cymbopogon nardusCymbopogon citratusIdentificationAuthenticationNIROPLS-DA |
| spellingShingle | Mohamad Rafi Antonio Kautsar Dewi Anggraini Septaningsih Puput Melati Rudi Heryanto Irmanida Batubara Utami Dyah Syafitri Zulhan Arif Nancy Dewi Yuliana Tohru Mitsunaga Erni Susanti Feasibility of near-infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics analysis for discrimination of Cymbopogon nardus from Cymbopogon citratus Arabian Journal of Chemistry Cymbopogon nardus Cymbopogon citratus Identification Authentication NIR OPLS-DA |
| title | Feasibility of near-infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics analysis for discrimination of Cymbopogon nardus from Cymbopogon citratus |
| title_full | Feasibility of near-infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics analysis for discrimination of Cymbopogon nardus from Cymbopogon citratus |
| title_fullStr | Feasibility of near-infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics analysis for discrimination of Cymbopogon nardus from Cymbopogon citratus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Feasibility of near-infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics analysis for discrimination of Cymbopogon nardus from Cymbopogon citratus |
| title_short | Feasibility of near-infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics analysis for discrimination of Cymbopogon nardus from Cymbopogon citratus |
| title_sort | feasibility of near infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics analysis for discrimination of cymbopogon nardus from cymbopogon citratus |
| topic | Cymbopogon nardus Cymbopogon citratus Identification Authentication NIR OPLS-DA |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535222005937 |
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