Turbulence induced shear controllable synthesis of nano FePO4 irregularly-shaped particles in a counter impinging jet flow T-junction reactor assisted by ultrasound irradiation
FePO4 (FP) particles with a mesoporous structure amalgamated by nanoscale primary crystals were controllably prepared using an ultrasound-intensified turbulence T-junction microreactor (UTISR). The use of this type of reaction system can effectively enhance the micro-mixing and remarkably improve th...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Ultrasonics Sonochemistry |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350417723003024 |
| _version_ | 1797689500445442048 |
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| author | Bin Dong Yanqing Guo Jie Yang Xiaogang Yang LuLu Wang Dechun Huang |
| author_facet | Bin Dong Yanqing Guo Jie Yang Xiaogang Yang LuLu Wang Dechun Huang |
| author_sort | Bin Dong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | FePO4 (FP) particles with a mesoporous structure amalgamated by nanoscale primary crystals were controllably prepared using an ultrasound-intensified turbulence T-junction microreactor (UTISR). The use of this type of reaction system can effectively enhance the micro-mixing and remarkably improve the mass transfer and chemical reaction rates. Consequently, the synergistic effects of the impinging streams and ultrasonic irradiation on the formation of mesoporous structure of FP nanoparticles have been systematically investigated through experimental validation and CFD simulation. The results revealed that the FP particles with a mesoporous structure can be well synthesised by precisely controlling the operation parameters by applying ultrasound irradiation with the input power in the range of 0–900 W and the impinging stream volumetric flow rate in the range of 17.15–257.22 mL·min−1. The findings obtained from the experimental observation and CFD modelling has clearly indicated that there exists a strong correlation between the particle size, morphology, and the local turbulence shear. The application of ultrasonic irradiation can effectively intensify the local turbulence shear in the reactor even at low Reynolds number based on the impinging stream diameter (Re < 2000), leading to an effective reduction in the particle size (from 273.48 to 56.1 nm) and an increase in the specific surface area (from 21.97 to 114.97 m2·g−1) of FP samples. The FP irregularly-shaped particles prepared by UTISR exhibited a mesoporous structure with a particle size of 56.10 nm, a specific surface area of 114.97 m2·g−1 and a total pore adsorption volume of 0.570 cm3·g−1 when the volumetric flow rate and ultrasound power are 85.74 mL·min−1 and 600 W, respectively. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T01:47:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-713a65e15caa4998974af750fbb10180 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1350-4177 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T01:47:27Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ultrasonics Sonochemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-713a65e15caa4998974af750fbb101802023-09-09T04:54:49ZengElsevierUltrasonics Sonochemistry1350-41772023-10-0199106590Turbulence induced shear controllable synthesis of nano FePO4 irregularly-shaped particles in a counter impinging jet flow T-junction reactor assisted by ultrasound irradiationBin Dong0Yanqing Guo1Jie Yang2Xiaogang Yang3LuLu Wang4Dechun Huang5Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, University Park, Ningbo 315100, PR China; Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Smart Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Technologies, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR ChinaDepartment of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, University Park, Ningbo 315100, PR ChinaSchool of Natural Sciences, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UKDepartment of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, University Park, Ningbo 315100, PR China; Corresponding authors at: Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, PR China (X. Yang); Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China (D. Huang).Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, University Park, Ningbo 315100, PR ChinaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Smart Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Technologies, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Corresponding authors at: Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, PR China (X. Yang); Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China (D. Huang).FePO4 (FP) particles with a mesoporous structure amalgamated by nanoscale primary crystals were controllably prepared using an ultrasound-intensified turbulence T-junction microreactor (UTISR). The use of this type of reaction system can effectively enhance the micro-mixing and remarkably improve the mass transfer and chemical reaction rates. Consequently, the synergistic effects of the impinging streams and ultrasonic irradiation on the formation of mesoporous structure of FP nanoparticles have been systematically investigated through experimental validation and CFD simulation. The results revealed that the FP particles with a mesoporous structure can be well synthesised by precisely controlling the operation parameters by applying ultrasound irradiation with the input power in the range of 0–900 W and the impinging stream volumetric flow rate in the range of 17.15–257.22 mL·min−1. The findings obtained from the experimental observation and CFD modelling has clearly indicated that there exists a strong correlation between the particle size, morphology, and the local turbulence shear. The application of ultrasonic irradiation can effectively intensify the local turbulence shear in the reactor even at low Reynolds number based on the impinging stream diameter (Re < 2000), leading to an effective reduction in the particle size (from 273.48 to 56.1 nm) and an increase in the specific surface area (from 21.97 to 114.97 m2·g−1) of FP samples. The FP irregularly-shaped particles prepared by UTISR exhibited a mesoporous structure with a particle size of 56.10 nm, a specific surface area of 114.97 m2·g−1 and a total pore adsorption volume of 0.570 cm3·g−1 when the volumetric flow rate and ultrasound power are 85.74 mL·min−1 and 600 W, respectively.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350417723003024Turbulence shearT-junction impinging streamsUltrasonic irradiationMicromixingCFD modellingFePO4 (FP) nanoparticles |
| spellingShingle | Bin Dong Yanqing Guo Jie Yang Xiaogang Yang LuLu Wang Dechun Huang Turbulence induced shear controllable synthesis of nano FePO4 irregularly-shaped particles in a counter impinging jet flow T-junction reactor assisted by ultrasound irradiation Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Turbulence shear T-junction impinging streams Ultrasonic irradiation Micromixing CFD modelling FePO4 (FP) nanoparticles |
| title | Turbulence induced shear controllable synthesis of nano FePO4 irregularly-shaped particles in a counter impinging jet flow T-junction reactor assisted by ultrasound irradiation |
| title_full | Turbulence induced shear controllable synthesis of nano FePO4 irregularly-shaped particles in a counter impinging jet flow T-junction reactor assisted by ultrasound irradiation |
| title_fullStr | Turbulence induced shear controllable synthesis of nano FePO4 irregularly-shaped particles in a counter impinging jet flow T-junction reactor assisted by ultrasound irradiation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Turbulence induced shear controllable synthesis of nano FePO4 irregularly-shaped particles in a counter impinging jet flow T-junction reactor assisted by ultrasound irradiation |
| title_short | Turbulence induced shear controllable synthesis of nano FePO4 irregularly-shaped particles in a counter impinging jet flow T-junction reactor assisted by ultrasound irradiation |
| title_sort | turbulence induced shear controllable synthesis of nano fepo4 irregularly shaped particles in a counter impinging jet flow t junction reactor assisted by ultrasound irradiation |
| topic | Turbulence shear T-junction impinging streams Ultrasonic irradiation Micromixing CFD modelling FePO4 (FP) nanoparticles |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350417723003024 |
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