Heat Shock Proteins in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer
Two out of three diseases of the prostate gland affect aging men worldwide. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a noncancerous enlargement affecting millions of men. Prostate cancer (PCa) in turn is the second leading cause of cancer death. The factors influencing the occurrence of BPH and PCa are...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/2/897 |
| _version_ | 1797493304685756416 |
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| author | Weronika Ratajczak Michał Lubkowski Anna Lubkowska |
| author_facet | Weronika Ratajczak Michał Lubkowski Anna Lubkowska |
| author_sort | Weronika Ratajczak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Two out of three diseases of the prostate gland affect aging men worldwide. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a noncancerous enlargement affecting millions of men. Prostate cancer (PCa) in turn is the second leading cause of cancer death. The factors influencing the occurrence of BPH and PCa are different; however, in the course of these two diseases, the overexpression of heat shock proteins is observed. Heat shock proteins (HSPs), chaperone proteins, are known to be one of the main proteins playing a role in maintaining cell homeostasis. HSPs take part in the process of the proper folding of newly formed proteins, and participate in the renaturation of damaged proteins. In addition, they are involved in the transport of specific proteins to the appropriate cell organelles and directing damaged proteins to proteasomes or lysosomes. Their function is to protect the proteins against degradation factors that are produced during cellular stress. HSPs are also involved in modulating the immune response and the process of apoptosis. One well-known factor affecting HSPs is the androgen receptor (AR)—a main player involved in the development of BPH and the progression of prostate cancer. HSPs play a cytoprotective role and determine the survival of cancer cells. These chaperones are often upregulated in malignancies and play an indispensable role in tumor progression. Therefore, HSPs are considered as one of the therapeutic targets in anti-cancer therapies. In this review article, we discuss the role of different HSPs in prostate diseases, and their potential as therapeutic targets. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:18:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-713fa93657d949e7b2c1621662615185 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:18:06Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-713fa93657d949e7b2c16216626151852023-11-23T14:06:08ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-01-0123289710.3390/ijms23020897Heat Shock Proteins in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate CancerWeronika Ratajczak0Michał Lubkowski1Anna Lubkowska2Department of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Żołnierska 54, 71-210 Szczecin, PolandStudent Research at the Chair and Department of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Żołnierska 54, 71-210 Szczecin, PolandDepartment of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Żołnierska 54, 71-210 Szczecin, PolandTwo out of three diseases of the prostate gland affect aging men worldwide. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a noncancerous enlargement affecting millions of men. Prostate cancer (PCa) in turn is the second leading cause of cancer death. The factors influencing the occurrence of BPH and PCa are different; however, in the course of these two diseases, the overexpression of heat shock proteins is observed. Heat shock proteins (HSPs), chaperone proteins, are known to be one of the main proteins playing a role in maintaining cell homeostasis. HSPs take part in the process of the proper folding of newly formed proteins, and participate in the renaturation of damaged proteins. In addition, they are involved in the transport of specific proteins to the appropriate cell organelles and directing damaged proteins to proteasomes or lysosomes. Their function is to protect the proteins against degradation factors that are produced during cellular stress. HSPs are also involved in modulating the immune response and the process of apoptosis. One well-known factor affecting HSPs is the androgen receptor (AR)—a main player involved in the development of BPH and the progression of prostate cancer. HSPs play a cytoprotective role and determine the survival of cancer cells. These chaperones are often upregulated in malignancies and play an indispensable role in tumor progression. Therefore, HSPs are considered as one of the therapeutic targets in anti-cancer therapies. In this review article, we discuss the role of different HSPs in prostate diseases, and their potential as therapeutic targets.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/2/897heat shock proteinsprostate cancerbenign prostatic hyperplasiaprostate diseases |
| spellingShingle | Weronika Ratajczak Michał Lubkowski Anna Lubkowska Heat Shock Proteins in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer International Journal of Molecular Sciences heat shock proteins prostate cancer benign prostatic hyperplasia prostate diseases |
| title | Heat Shock Proteins in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer |
| title_full | Heat Shock Proteins in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer |
| title_fullStr | Heat Shock Proteins in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Heat Shock Proteins in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer |
| title_short | Heat Shock Proteins in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer |
| title_sort | heat shock proteins in benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer |
| topic | heat shock proteins prostate cancer benign prostatic hyperplasia prostate diseases |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/2/897 |
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