Using structural equation modeling to examine the influence of family planning social norms on modern contraceptive use in Nigeria
Despite high knowledge of family planning (FP) among Nigerian women, use of modern contraceptives remains low. While FP investments in Nigeria have been ongoing for decades, relatively little emphasis on contextual and structural factors may have contributed to low demand for and use of contraceptio...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Sociology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsoc.2022.866254/full |
| _version_ | 1828096061539876864 |
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| author | Mahua Mandal Lisa M. Calhoun Courtney McGuire Ilene S. Speizer Ilene S. Speizer |
| author_facet | Mahua Mandal Lisa M. Calhoun Courtney McGuire Ilene S. Speizer Ilene S. Speizer |
| author_sort | Mahua Mandal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Despite high knowledge of family planning (FP) among Nigerian women, use of modern contraceptives remains low. While FP investments in Nigeria have been ongoing for decades, relatively little emphasis on contextual and structural factors may have contributed to low demand for and use of contraception. From 2009 to 2014, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) supported the Nigerian Urban Reproductive Health Initiative (NURHI) with the aim of increasing voluntary use of contraceptives among women ages 15–49 years in six Nigerian cities. A subsequent phase of NURHI was implemented in three states for the next 3 to 5 years. Using cross-sectional survey data from three cities (two exposed to NURHI, one not exposed), this study examines whether social norms around FP were related to women's use of modern contraception, and whether the relationship differed by varying levels of exposure to the program (i.e., by city). We identified three distinct FP social norms through factor analysis: norms around delaying first pregnancy; spacing or limiting pregnancies; and using contraception when the husband disagrees. Using structural equation modeling, we found that FP social norms are related to use of modern contraceptive methods, and the relationship varies by city and norm type. The observed differences suggest that this relationship depends on numerous factors at the individual, interpersonal and societal level, and this may include malleable factors influenced by the NURHI program. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T07:23:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-717cebcdd5394d82a5dd0ad6077da4a5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-7775 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T07:23:14Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Sociology |
| spelling | doaj.art-717cebcdd5394d82a5dd0ad6077da4a52022-12-22T04:37:09ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Sociology2297-77752022-10-01710.3389/fsoc.2022.866254866254Using structural equation modeling to examine the influence of family planning social norms on modern contraceptive use in NigeriaMahua Mandal0Lisa M. Calhoun1Courtney McGuire2Ilene S. Speizer3Ilene S. Speizer4Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United StatesCarolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United StatesCarolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United StatesCarolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United StatesDepartment of Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United StatesDespite high knowledge of family planning (FP) among Nigerian women, use of modern contraceptives remains low. While FP investments in Nigeria have been ongoing for decades, relatively little emphasis on contextual and structural factors may have contributed to low demand for and use of contraception. From 2009 to 2014, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) supported the Nigerian Urban Reproductive Health Initiative (NURHI) with the aim of increasing voluntary use of contraceptives among women ages 15–49 years in six Nigerian cities. A subsequent phase of NURHI was implemented in three states for the next 3 to 5 years. Using cross-sectional survey data from three cities (two exposed to NURHI, one not exposed), this study examines whether social norms around FP were related to women's use of modern contraception, and whether the relationship differed by varying levels of exposure to the program (i.e., by city). We identified three distinct FP social norms through factor analysis: norms around delaying first pregnancy; spacing or limiting pregnancies; and using contraception when the husband disagrees. Using structural equation modeling, we found that FP social norms are related to use of modern contraceptive methods, and the relationship varies by city and norm type. The observed differences suggest that this relationship depends on numerous factors at the individual, interpersonal and societal level, and this may include malleable factors influenced by the NURHI program.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsoc.2022.866254/fullfamily planningsocial normsNigeriaNigerian Urban Reproductive Health Initiativestructural equation modelinggender norms |
| spellingShingle | Mahua Mandal Lisa M. Calhoun Courtney McGuire Ilene S. Speizer Ilene S. Speizer Using structural equation modeling to examine the influence of family planning social norms on modern contraceptive use in Nigeria Frontiers in Sociology family planning social norms Nigeria Nigerian Urban Reproductive Health Initiative structural equation modeling gender norms |
| title | Using structural equation modeling to examine the influence of family planning social norms on modern contraceptive use in Nigeria |
| title_full | Using structural equation modeling to examine the influence of family planning social norms on modern contraceptive use in Nigeria |
| title_fullStr | Using structural equation modeling to examine the influence of family planning social norms on modern contraceptive use in Nigeria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Using structural equation modeling to examine the influence of family planning social norms on modern contraceptive use in Nigeria |
| title_short | Using structural equation modeling to examine the influence of family planning social norms on modern contraceptive use in Nigeria |
| title_sort | using structural equation modeling to examine the influence of family planning social norms on modern contraceptive use in nigeria |
| topic | family planning social norms Nigeria Nigerian Urban Reproductive Health Initiative structural equation modeling gender norms |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsoc.2022.866254/full |
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