Frequency Robust Control Application in Islanded Microgrids Considering Parametric Uncertainties and Distinct Photovoltaic Penetration Rate Scenarios
In this paper, a cascaded two-level hybrid control scheme based on multi-variable robust <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {H}_{\infty }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and proportional integral control is proposed for primary frequency control of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2023-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10225486/ |
| _version_ | 1797692129382760448 |
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| author | Quang Linh Lam Delphine Riu Antoneta Iuliana Bratcu |
| author_facet | Quang Linh Lam Delphine Riu Antoneta Iuliana Bratcu |
| author_sort | Quang Linh Lam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this paper, a cascaded two-level hybrid control scheme based on multi-variable robust <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {H}_{\infty }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and proportional integral control is proposed for primary frequency control of an island mode microgrid consisting of a diesel engine generator, a photovoltaic energy source, an energy storage system, and an aggregated static load. Topological and nonlinear averaged models of each subsystem are introduced, followed by linearized frequency-control-oriented modelling of the entire system. Then, for currents control, conventional proportional-integral-based tracking controllers placed on a lower control level are designed, with their reference values generated from the output of an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {H}_{\infty } $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-control-based upper level. A comprehensive methodology that casts the specific engineering demands of microgrid operation into the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {H}_{\infty }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> control formalism is outlined. Additionally, it is demonstrated how closed-loop dynamic performance requirements must at their turn be taken into account in the initial microgrid setup and sizing, namely in appropriately choosing and rating the energy storage system. Numerical simulations performed with MATLAB®/Simulink® show the validity and effectiveness of the proposed frequency robust control technique in the presence of multiple photovoltaic power step changes on a kVA-rated microgrid. A robust performance analysis of the previously designed <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {H}_{\infty }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> controller is performed under numerous uncertainty levels in the steady-state value of the supercapacitor state of charge and multiple photovoltaic power step changes to determine if the closed-loop system remains robust from a performance standpoint around its nominal design. The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {H}_{\infty }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> control design procedure allows a further investigation on how to link time-domain dynamic performance specifications (e.g., desired control objectives) and frequency-domain specifications (e.g., via so-called weighting functions) in a systematic and optimal manner (i.e., automation for their design or expert modelling), from which an useful guide can be created for practical control engineers in the future. Distinct photovoltaic penetration rate scenarios together with respective computed <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {H}_{\infty } $ </tex-math></inline-formula> controllers, on the other hand, are examined to determine whether or not an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {H}_{\infty } $ </tex-math></inline-formula> optimal control solution that is robust in performance to a variety of photovoltaic power step variations relative to the rated operating point can always be generated. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T02:24:06Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T02:24:06Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
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| spelling | doaj.art-719307d006764bc189ace289f811cf962023-09-05T23:01:34ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362023-01-0111925899261610.1109/ACCESS.2023.330721010225486Frequency Robust Control Application in Islanded Microgrids Considering Parametric Uncertainties and Distinct Photovoltaic Penetration Rate ScenariosQuang Linh Lam0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0054-3833Delphine Riu1Antoneta Iuliana Bratcu2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6912-5026Duy Tan University, Danang, VietnamCNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering Université Grenoble Alpes), G2Elab, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, FranceCNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering Université Grenoble Alpes), GIPSA-Lab, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, FranceIn this paper, a cascaded two-level hybrid control scheme based on multi-variable robust <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {H}_{\infty }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and proportional integral control is proposed for primary frequency control of an island mode microgrid consisting of a diesel engine generator, a photovoltaic energy source, an energy storage system, and an aggregated static load. Topological and nonlinear averaged models of each subsystem are introduced, followed by linearized frequency-control-oriented modelling of the entire system. Then, for currents control, conventional proportional-integral-based tracking controllers placed on a lower control level are designed, with their reference values generated from the output of an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {H}_{\infty } $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-control-based upper level. A comprehensive methodology that casts the specific engineering demands of microgrid operation into the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {H}_{\infty }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> control formalism is outlined. Additionally, it is demonstrated how closed-loop dynamic performance requirements must at their turn be taken into account in the initial microgrid setup and sizing, namely in appropriately choosing and rating the energy storage system. Numerical simulations performed with MATLAB®/Simulink® show the validity and effectiveness of the proposed frequency robust control technique in the presence of multiple photovoltaic power step changes on a kVA-rated microgrid. A robust performance analysis of the previously designed <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {H}_{\infty }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> controller is performed under numerous uncertainty levels in the steady-state value of the supercapacitor state of charge and multiple photovoltaic power step changes to determine if the closed-loop system remains robust from a performance standpoint around its nominal design. The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {H}_{\infty }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> control design procedure allows a further investigation on how to link time-domain dynamic performance specifications (e.g., desired control objectives) and frequency-domain specifications (e.g., via so-called weighting functions) in a systematic and optimal manner (i.e., automation for their design or expert modelling), from which an useful guide can be created for practical control engineers in the future. Distinct photovoltaic penetration rate scenarios together with respective computed <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {H}_{\infty } $ </tex-math></inline-formula> controllers, on the other hand, are examined to determine whether or not an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {H}_{\infty } $ </tex-math></inline-formula> optimal control solution that is robust in performance to a variety of photovoltaic power step variations relative to the rated operating point can always be generated.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10225486/Energy managementmulti-variable robust controlfrequency ancillary serviceislanded microgridssmart electrical networkselectricity – distribution |
| spellingShingle | Quang Linh Lam Delphine Riu Antoneta Iuliana Bratcu Frequency Robust Control Application in Islanded Microgrids Considering Parametric Uncertainties and Distinct Photovoltaic Penetration Rate Scenarios IEEE Access Energy management multi-variable robust control frequency ancillary service islanded microgrids smart electrical networks electricity – distribution |
| title | Frequency Robust Control Application in Islanded Microgrids Considering Parametric Uncertainties and Distinct Photovoltaic Penetration Rate Scenarios |
| title_full | Frequency Robust Control Application in Islanded Microgrids Considering Parametric Uncertainties and Distinct Photovoltaic Penetration Rate Scenarios |
| title_fullStr | Frequency Robust Control Application in Islanded Microgrids Considering Parametric Uncertainties and Distinct Photovoltaic Penetration Rate Scenarios |
| title_full_unstemmed | Frequency Robust Control Application in Islanded Microgrids Considering Parametric Uncertainties and Distinct Photovoltaic Penetration Rate Scenarios |
| title_short | Frequency Robust Control Application in Islanded Microgrids Considering Parametric Uncertainties and Distinct Photovoltaic Penetration Rate Scenarios |
| title_sort | frequency robust control application in islanded microgrids considering parametric uncertainties and distinct photovoltaic penetration rate scenarios |
| topic | Energy management multi-variable robust control frequency ancillary service islanded microgrids smart electrical networks electricity – distribution |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10225486/ |
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