A Case Study on the Effects of Weather Conditions on Forest Fire Propagation Parameters in the Malekroud Forest in Guilan, Iran
The present study investigates the effect of climatic parameters, such as air relative humidity and wind speed, on fire spread propagation indexes in the Malekroud Forest, Iran using the FARSITE simulator based on Rothermel’s original fire spread equation. Standard fuel models are used to calibrate...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-06-01
|
| Series: | Fire |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6255/6/7/251 |
| _version_ | 1797589373472997376 |
|---|---|
| author | Esmaeil Mohammadian Bishe Mohammad Norouzi Hossein Afshin Bijan Farhanieh |
| author_facet | Esmaeil Mohammadian Bishe Mohammad Norouzi Hossein Afshin Bijan Farhanieh |
| author_sort | Esmaeil Mohammadian Bishe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The present study investigates the effect of climatic parameters, such as air relative humidity and wind speed, on fire spread propagation indexes in the Malekroud Forest, Iran using the FARSITE simulator based on Rothermel’s original fire spread equation. Standard fuel models are used to calibrate the vegetation cover. Sorensen (SC) and kappa (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>κ</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) coefficients, as well as the Overestimation Index (OI), are used to estimate the simulation’s accuracy. The results confirm that using both ambient condition data and appropriate fuel models is crucial to reaching reasonable results in fire propagation simulations. The values of the Rate of Fire Spread (ROS), Flame Length (FML), and Fire Line Intensity (FLI) are reported for each particular scenario. The simulation results show that the Sorensen and Kappa coefficient for situations most similar to the real fire reached 0.82 and 0.80, respectively. The investigated fire’s severity is categorized as low-condition fire behavior. The simulation shows that fire propagation falls harshly in the case of air relative humidity by more than 72%, and we will not witness natural fire propagation on a large scale. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:05:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-71bb136758b14e2b80efbd84e80ad13b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2571-6255 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:05:41Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fire |
| spelling | doaj.art-71bb136758b14e2b80efbd84e80ad13b2023-11-18T19:17:23ZengMDPI AGFire2571-62552023-06-016725110.3390/fire6070251A Case Study on the Effects of Weather Conditions on Forest Fire Propagation Parameters in the Malekroud Forest in Guilan, IranEsmaeil Mohammadian Bishe0Mohammad Norouzi1Hossein Afshin2Bijan Farhanieh3School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 14588-89694, IranSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 14588-89694, IranSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 14588-89694, IranSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 14588-89694, IranThe present study investigates the effect of climatic parameters, such as air relative humidity and wind speed, on fire spread propagation indexes in the Malekroud Forest, Iran using the FARSITE simulator based on Rothermel’s original fire spread equation. Standard fuel models are used to calibrate the vegetation cover. Sorensen (SC) and kappa (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>κ</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) coefficients, as well as the Overestimation Index (OI), are used to estimate the simulation’s accuracy. The results confirm that using both ambient condition data and appropriate fuel models is crucial to reaching reasonable results in fire propagation simulations. The values of the Rate of Fire Spread (ROS), Flame Length (FML), and Fire Line Intensity (FLI) are reported for each particular scenario. The simulation results show that the Sorensen and Kappa coefficient for situations most similar to the real fire reached 0.82 and 0.80, respectively. The investigated fire’s severity is categorized as low-condition fire behavior. The simulation shows that fire propagation falls harshly in the case of air relative humidity by more than 72%, and we will not witness natural fire propagation on a large scale.https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6255/6/7/251fire spread rateair relative humiditywind speedSorensen and Kappa coefficientsoverestimation indexFARSITE |
| spellingShingle | Esmaeil Mohammadian Bishe Mohammad Norouzi Hossein Afshin Bijan Farhanieh A Case Study on the Effects of Weather Conditions on Forest Fire Propagation Parameters in the Malekroud Forest in Guilan, Iran Fire fire spread rate air relative humidity wind speed Sorensen and Kappa coefficients overestimation index FARSITE |
| title | A Case Study on the Effects of Weather Conditions on Forest Fire Propagation Parameters in the Malekroud Forest in Guilan, Iran |
| title_full | A Case Study on the Effects of Weather Conditions on Forest Fire Propagation Parameters in the Malekroud Forest in Guilan, Iran |
| title_fullStr | A Case Study on the Effects of Weather Conditions on Forest Fire Propagation Parameters in the Malekroud Forest in Guilan, Iran |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Case Study on the Effects of Weather Conditions on Forest Fire Propagation Parameters in the Malekroud Forest in Guilan, Iran |
| title_short | A Case Study on the Effects of Weather Conditions on Forest Fire Propagation Parameters in the Malekroud Forest in Guilan, Iran |
| title_sort | case study on the effects of weather conditions on forest fire propagation parameters in the malekroud forest in guilan iran |
| topic | fire spread rate air relative humidity wind speed Sorensen and Kappa coefficients overestimation index FARSITE |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-6255/6/7/251 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT esmaeilmohammadianbishe acasestudyontheeffectsofweatherconditionsonforestfirepropagationparametersinthemalekroudforestinguilaniran AT mohammadnorouzi acasestudyontheeffectsofweatherconditionsonforestfirepropagationparametersinthemalekroudforestinguilaniran AT hosseinafshin acasestudyontheeffectsofweatherconditionsonforestfirepropagationparametersinthemalekroudforestinguilaniran AT bijanfarhanieh acasestudyontheeffectsofweatherconditionsonforestfirepropagationparametersinthemalekroudforestinguilaniran AT esmaeilmohammadianbishe casestudyontheeffectsofweatherconditionsonforestfirepropagationparametersinthemalekroudforestinguilaniran AT mohammadnorouzi casestudyontheeffectsofweatherconditionsonforestfirepropagationparametersinthemalekroudforestinguilaniran AT hosseinafshin casestudyontheeffectsofweatherconditionsonforestfirepropagationparametersinthemalekroudforestinguilaniran AT bijanfarhanieh casestudyontheeffectsofweatherconditionsonforestfirepropagationparametersinthemalekroudforestinguilaniran |