Impulsivity and Attention in Obsessive Compulsive and Tic Disorders: Mismatch in Self-Report and Behavioural Data
Impulsivity is a multidimensional, cross-diagnostic behavioural construct that has been described in various psychiatric disorders including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and Tourette syndrome (TS). Different interpretations of results in the past have raised the question of heightened impulsi...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/6/2277 |
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| author | Leonard Guenter Koenn Sina Kohl Sophia Schleyken Jens Kuhn |
| author_facet | Leonard Guenter Koenn Sina Kohl Sophia Schleyken Jens Kuhn |
| author_sort | Leonard Guenter Koenn |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Impulsivity is a multidimensional, cross-diagnostic behavioural construct that has been described in various psychiatric disorders including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and Tourette syndrome (TS). Different interpretations of results in the past have raised the question of heightened impulsivity as an explanatory model for self-described impulsive behaviour, especially in OCD. Our study included 16 patients with OCD, 14 patients with TS, and 28 healthy control subjects (HC). Self-assessed impulsivity was examined by the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11), and the behavioural test used was the immediate and delayed memory task (IMT/DMT). Significantly heightened self-assessed impulsivity of the patient collective compared to HC could be observed in in only one dimension: lack of attention (χ<sup>2</sup> (2) = 24.910, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Post-hoc tests were performed using Bonferroni adjusted alpha levels of 0.0167 per test (0.05/3) and revealed significantly higher scores in patients with OCD (<i>M</i> = 19.57, <i>SD</i> = 2.82), <i>z</i> = 4.292, <i>p</i> < 0.001 as with TS (<i>M</i> = 19.38, <i>SD</i> = 3.62), <i>z</i> = 3.832, <i>p</i> < 0.001 compared to HC (<i>M</i> = 13.78, <i>SD</i> = 3.18). In patients with OCD, correlations between the dimension of obsessive thoughts with a lack of attention in the form of first-order factor cognitive instability could be shown (<i>n</i> = 14, <i>p</i> = 0.024, <i>r<sub>s</sub></i> = 0.599) while in patients with TS, tic symptomatology correlated significantly with second-order factor attentional impulsivity (<i>n</i> = 12, <i>p</i> = 0.027, <i>r<sub>s</sub></i> = 0.635). In behavioural testing, no significant group differences could be observed either in impulsive behaviour (IMT: χ<sup>2</sup> (2) = 4.709, <i>p</i> = 0.824; DMT: χ<sup>2</sup> (2) = 0.126, <i>p</i> = 0.939) or in sustained attention (IMT: χ<sup>2</sup> (2) = 0.388, <i>p</i> = 0.095; DMT: χ<sup>2</sup> (2) = 0.663, <i>p</i> = 0.718). Heightened impulsivity as an explanatory model for the observed lack of attention, especially in patients with OCD, should be questioned and interpretation biases considered in the future. The necessity of a multidimensional approach to the research of impulsivity is underscored by our results. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:22:06Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-71bbecbd155543e0bf46e85489a34d922023-11-17T11:50:37ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832023-03-01126227710.3390/jcm12062277Impulsivity and Attention in Obsessive Compulsive and Tic Disorders: Mismatch in Self-Report and Behavioural DataLeonard Guenter Koenn0Sina Kohl1Sophia Schleyken2Jens Kuhn3Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50923 Cologne, GermanyDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50923 Cologne, GermanyDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50923 Cologne, GermanyDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50923 Cologne, GermanyImpulsivity is a multidimensional, cross-diagnostic behavioural construct that has been described in various psychiatric disorders including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and Tourette syndrome (TS). Different interpretations of results in the past have raised the question of heightened impulsivity as an explanatory model for self-described impulsive behaviour, especially in OCD. Our study included 16 patients with OCD, 14 patients with TS, and 28 healthy control subjects (HC). Self-assessed impulsivity was examined by the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11), and the behavioural test used was the immediate and delayed memory task (IMT/DMT). Significantly heightened self-assessed impulsivity of the patient collective compared to HC could be observed in in only one dimension: lack of attention (χ<sup>2</sup> (2) = 24.910, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Post-hoc tests were performed using Bonferroni adjusted alpha levels of 0.0167 per test (0.05/3) and revealed significantly higher scores in patients with OCD (<i>M</i> = 19.57, <i>SD</i> = 2.82), <i>z</i> = 4.292, <i>p</i> < 0.001 as with TS (<i>M</i> = 19.38, <i>SD</i> = 3.62), <i>z</i> = 3.832, <i>p</i> < 0.001 compared to HC (<i>M</i> = 13.78, <i>SD</i> = 3.18). In patients with OCD, correlations between the dimension of obsessive thoughts with a lack of attention in the form of first-order factor cognitive instability could be shown (<i>n</i> = 14, <i>p</i> = 0.024, <i>r<sub>s</sub></i> = 0.599) while in patients with TS, tic symptomatology correlated significantly with second-order factor attentional impulsivity (<i>n</i> = 12, <i>p</i> = 0.027, <i>r<sub>s</sub></i> = 0.635). In behavioural testing, no significant group differences could be observed either in impulsive behaviour (IMT: χ<sup>2</sup> (2) = 4.709, <i>p</i> = 0.824; DMT: χ<sup>2</sup> (2) = 0.126, <i>p</i> = 0.939) or in sustained attention (IMT: χ<sup>2</sup> (2) = 0.388, <i>p</i> = 0.095; DMT: χ<sup>2</sup> (2) = 0.663, <i>p</i> = 0.718). Heightened impulsivity as an explanatory model for the observed lack of attention, especially in patients with OCD, should be questioned and interpretation biases considered in the future. The necessity of a multidimensional approach to the research of impulsivity is underscored by our results.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/6/2277obsessive-compulsive disorderOCDTourette syndromeTourette’s syndromeimpulsivityimpulsive behaviour |
| spellingShingle | Leonard Guenter Koenn Sina Kohl Sophia Schleyken Jens Kuhn Impulsivity and Attention in Obsessive Compulsive and Tic Disorders: Mismatch in Self-Report and Behavioural Data Journal of Clinical Medicine obsessive-compulsive disorder OCD Tourette syndrome Tourette’s syndrome impulsivity impulsive behaviour |
| title | Impulsivity and Attention in Obsessive Compulsive and Tic Disorders: Mismatch in Self-Report and Behavioural Data |
| title_full | Impulsivity and Attention in Obsessive Compulsive and Tic Disorders: Mismatch in Self-Report and Behavioural Data |
| title_fullStr | Impulsivity and Attention in Obsessive Compulsive and Tic Disorders: Mismatch in Self-Report and Behavioural Data |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impulsivity and Attention in Obsessive Compulsive and Tic Disorders: Mismatch in Self-Report and Behavioural Data |
| title_short | Impulsivity and Attention in Obsessive Compulsive and Tic Disorders: Mismatch in Self-Report and Behavioural Data |
| title_sort | impulsivity and attention in obsessive compulsive and tic disorders mismatch in self report and behavioural data |
| topic | obsessive-compulsive disorder OCD Tourette syndrome Tourette’s syndrome impulsivity impulsive behaviour |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/6/2277 |
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