Therapeutic immunomodulation by rationally designed nucleic acids and nucleic acid nanoparticles
The immune system has evolved to defend organisms against exogenous threats such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites by distinguishing between “self” and “non-self”. In addition, it guards us against other diseases, such as cancer, by detecting and responding to transformed and senescent cell...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1053550/full |
| _version_ | 1797938679039131648 |
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| author | Martin Panigaj Martin Panigaj Elizabeth Skelly Damian Beasock Ian Marriott M. Brittany Johnson Jacqueline Salotti Kirill A. Afonin |
| author_facet | Martin Panigaj Martin Panigaj Elizabeth Skelly Damian Beasock Ian Marriott M. Brittany Johnson Jacqueline Salotti Kirill A. Afonin |
| author_sort | Martin Panigaj |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The immune system has evolved to defend organisms against exogenous threats such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites by distinguishing between “self” and “non-self”. In addition, it guards us against other diseases, such as cancer, by detecting and responding to transformed and senescent cells. However, for survival and propagation, the altered cells and invading pathogens often employ a wide range of mechanisms to avoid, inhibit, or manipulate the immunorecognition. As such, the development of new modes of therapeutic intervention to augment protective and prevent harmful immune responses is desirable. Nucleic acids are biopolymers essential for all forms of life and, therefore, delineating the complex defensive mechanisms developed against non-self nucleic acids can offer an exciting avenue for future biomedicine. Nucleic acid technologies have already established numerous approaches in therapy and biotechnology; recently, rationally designed nucleic acids nanoparticles (NANPs) with regulated physiochemical properties and biological activities has expanded our repertoire of therapeutic options. When compared to conventional therapeutic nucleic acids (TNAs), NANP technologies can be rendered more beneficial for synchronized delivery of multiple TNAs with defined stabilities, immunological profiles, and therapeutic functions. This review highlights several recent advances and possible future directions of TNA and NANP technologies that are under development for controlled immunomodulation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T19:04:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-71bd4674418d489b88e82c9f888263ff |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T19:04:32Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-71bd4674418d489b88e82c9f888263ff2023-01-31T05:25:47ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242023-01-011410.3389/fimmu.2023.10535501053550Therapeutic immunomodulation by rationally designed nucleic acids and nucleic acid nanoparticlesMartin Panigaj0Martin Panigaj1Elizabeth Skelly2Damian Beasock3Ian Marriott4M. Brittany Johnson5Jacqueline Salotti6Kirill A. Afonin7Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United StatesInstitute of Biology & Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, SlovakiaNanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United StatesNanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United StatesDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United StatesDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United StatesMouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, United StatesNanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United StatesThe immune system has evolved to defend organisms against exogenous threats such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites by distinguishing between “self” and “non-self”. In addition, it guards us against other diseases, such as cancer, by detecting and responding to transformed and senescent cells. However, for survival and propagation, the altered cells and invading pathogens often employ a wide range of mechanisms to avoid, inhibit, or manipulate the immunorecognition. As such, the development of new modes of therapeutic intervention to augment protective and prevent harmful immune responses is desirable. Nucleic acids are biopolymers essential for all forms of life and, therefore, delineating the complex defensive mechanisms developed against non-self nucleic acids can offer an exciting avenue for future biomedicine. Nucleic acid technologies have already established numerous approaches in therapy and biotechnology; recently, rationally designed nucleic acids nanoparticles (NANPs) with regulated physiochemical properties and biological activities has expanded our repertoire of therapeutic options. When compared to conventional therapeutic nucleic acids (TNAs), NANP technologies can be rendered more beneficial for synchronized delivery of multiple TNAs with defined stabilities, immunological profiles, and therapeutic functions. This review highlights several recent advances and possible future directions of TNA and NANP technologies that are under development for controlled immunomodulation.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1053550/fullPRRPAMPDAMPNANPsimmunomodulationinnate immune system |
| spellingShingle | Martin Panigaj Martin Panigaj Elizabeth Skelly Damian Beasock Ian Marriott M. Brittany Johnson Jacqueline Salotti Kirill A. Afonin Therapeutic immunomodulation by rationally designed nucleic acids and nucleic acid nanoparticles Frontiers in Immunology PRR PAMP DAMP NANPs immunomodulation innate immune system |
| title | Therapeutic immunomodulation by rationally designed nucleic acids and nucleic acid nanoparticles |
| title_full | Therapeutic immunomodulation by rationally designed nucleic acids and nucleic acid nanoparticles |
| title_fullStr | Therapeutic immunomodulation by rationally designed nucleic acids and nucleic acid nanoparticles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Therapeutic immunomodulation by rationally designed nucleic acids and nucleic acid nanoparticles |
| title_short | Therapeutic immunomodulation by rationally designed nucleic acids and nucleic acid nanoparticles |
| title_sort | therapeutic immunomodulation by rationally designed nucleic acids and nucleic acid nanoparticles |
| topic | PRR PAMP DAMP NANPs immunomodulation innate immune system |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1053550/full |
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