Identification of Cultured and Natural Astragalus Root Based on Monosaccharide Mapping
As the main substances responsible for immunomodulatory activity, saccharides can be used as quality indicators for Astragalus root (RA). Saccharide content is commonly determined by ultraviolet spectroscopy, which lacks species specificity and has not been applied in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Mono...
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MDPI AG
2015-09-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/20/9/16466 |
| _version_ | 1817994610698354688 |
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| author | Ke Li Xia Hao Fanrong Gao Guizhen Wang Zhengzheng Zhang Guanhua Du Xuemei Qin |
| author_facet | Ke Li Xia Hao Fanrong Gao Guizhen Wang Zhengzheng Zhang Guanhua Du Xuemei Qin |
| author_sort | Ke Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | As the main substances responsible for immunomodulatory activity, saccharides can be used as quality indicators for Astragalus root (RA). Saccharide content is commonly determined by ultraviolet spectroscopy, which lacks species specificity and has not been applied in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Monosaccharide mapping based on trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) hydrolysis can be used for quantitative analysis of saccharide compositions. In addition, species specificity can be evaluated by analysis of the mapping characteristics. In this study, monosaccharide mapping of soluble saccharides in the cytoplasm and polysaccharides in the cell wall of 24 batches of RA samples with different growth patterns were obtained based on TFA hydrolysis followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results indicated that the mapping and the molar ratios of saccharide compositions of the cultured and natural RA samples were different for both cytoplasm and cell wall. For example, the molar ratio of mannose and arabinose was more than 3.5:1 in cytoplasm in cultured RA, whereas the ratio was less than 3.5:1 in natural RA. This research not only lays a foundation for screening indicators for RA, but also provided new ways of evaluating the quality of Chinese medicinal materials in which saccharides are the main bioactive substances. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T01:54:30Z |
| publishDate | 2015-09-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-71c4ecd306dd4c5889cc8528426543c02022-12-22T02:19:09ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492015-09-01209164661649010.3390/molecules200916466molecules200916466Identification of Cultured and Natural Astragalus Root Based on Monosaccharide MappingKe Li0Xia Hao1Fanrong Gao2Guizhen Wang3Zhengzheng Zhang4Guanhua Du5Xuemei Qin6Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, ChinaModern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, ChinaModern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, ChinaModern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, ChinaModern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, ChinaModern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, ChinaModern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, ChinaAs the main substances responsible for immunomodulatory activity, saccharides can be used as quality indicators for Astragalus root (RA). Saccharide content is commonly determined by ultraviolet spectroscopy, which lacks species specificity and has not been applied in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Monosaccharide mapping based on trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) hydrolysis can be used for quantitative analysis of saccharide compositions. In addition, species specificity can be evaluated by analysis of the mapping characteristics. In this study, monosaccharide mapping of soluble saccharides in the cytoplasm and polysaccharides in the cell wall of 24 batches of RA samples with different growth patterns were obtained based on TFA hydrolysis followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results indicated that the mapping and the molar ratios of saccharide compositions of the cultured and natural RA samples were different for both cytoplasm and cell wall. For example, the molar ratio of mannose and arabinose was more than 3.5:1 in cytoplasm in cultured RA, whereas the ratio was less than 3.5:1 in natural RA. This research not only lays a foundation for screening indicators for RA, but also provided new ways of evaluating the quality of Chinese medicinal materials in which saccharides are the main bioactive substances.http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/20/9/16466Astragalus rootmonosaccharide mappingquality evaluationcultured RAnatural RA |
| spellingShingle | Ke Li Xia Hao Fanrong Gao Guizhen Wang Zhengzheng Zhang Guanhua Du Xuemei Qin Identification of Cultured and Natural Astragalus Root Based on Monosaccharide Mapping Molecules Astragalus root monosaccharide mapping quality evaluation cultured RA natural RA |
| title | Identification of Cultured and Natural Astragalus Root Based on Monosaccharide Mapping |
| title_full | Identification of Cultured and Natural Astragalus Root Based on Monosaccharide Mapping |
| title_fullStr | Identification of Cultured and Natural Astragalus Root Based on Monosaccharide Mapping |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification of Cultured and Natural Astragalus Root Based on Monosaccharide Mapping |
| title_short | Identification of Cultured and Natural Astragalus Root Based on Monosaccharide Mapping |
| title_sort | identification of cultured and natural astragalus root based on monosaccharide mapping |
| topic | Astragalus root monosaccharide mapping quality evaluation cultured RA natural RA |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/20/9/16466 |
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