Two Possible Strategies for Drug Modification of Gemcitabine and Future Contributions to Personalized Medicine
Drug repurposing is an emerging strategy, which uses already approved drugs for new medical indications. One such drug is gemcitabine, an anticancer drug that only works at high doses since a portion is deactivated in the serum, which causes toxicity. In this review, two methods were discussed that...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/1/291 |
| _version_ | 1827668062314168320 |
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| author | Mariana Pereira Nuno Vale |
| author_facet | Mariana Pereira Nuno Vale |
| author_sort | Mariana Pereira |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Drug repurposing is an emerging strategy, which uses already approved drugs for new medical indications. One such drug is gemcitabine, an anticancer drug that only works at high doses since a portion is deactivated in the serum, which causes toxicity. In this review, two methods were discussed that could improve the anticancer effect of gemcitabine. The first is a chemical modification by conjugation with cell-penetrating peptides, namely penetratin, pVEC, and different kinds of CPP6, which mostly all showed an increased anticancer effect. The other method is combining gemcitabine with repurposed drugs, namely itraconazole, which also showed great cancer cell inhibition growth. Besides these two strategies, physiologically based pharmacokinetic models (PBPK models) are also the key for predicting drug distribution based on physiological data, which is very important for personalized medicine, so that the correct drug and dosage regimen can be administered according to each patient’s physiology. Taking all of this into consideration, it is believed that gemcitabine can be repurposed to have better anticancer effects. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:29:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-71dece70bcdf4637a646dd127171b94c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:29:56Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-71dece70bcdf4637a646dd127171b94c2023-11-23T11:59:30ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-01-0127129110.3390/molecules27010291Two Possible Strategies for Drug Modification of Gemcitabine and Future Contributions to Personalized MedicineMariana Pereira0Nuno Vale1OncoPharma Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, PortugalOncoPharma Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, PortugalDrug repurposing is an emerging strategy, which uses already approved drugs for new medical indications. One such drug is gemcitabine, an anticancer drug that only works at high doses since a portion is deactivated in the serum, which causes toxicity. In this review, two methods were discussed that could improve the anticancer effect of gemcitabine. The first is a chemical modification by conjugation with cell-penetrating peptides, namely penetratin, pVEC, and different kinds of CPP6, which mostly all showed an increased anticancer effect. The other method is combining gemcitabine with repurposed drugs, namely itraconazole, which also showed great cancer cell inhibition growth. Besides these two strategies, physiologically based pharmacokinetic models (PBPK models) are also the key for predicting drug distribution based on physiological data, which is very important for personalized medicine, so that the correct drug and dosage regimen can be administered according to each patient’s physiology. Taking all of this into consideration, it is believed that gemcitabine can be repurposed to have better anticancer effects.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/1/291gemcitabinedrug repurposingcell-penetrating peptidesPBPK |
| spellingShingle | Mariana Pereira Nuno Vale Two Possible Strategies for Drug Modification of Gemcitabine and Future Contributions to Personalized Medicine Molecules gemcitabine drug repurposing cell-penetrating peptides PBPK |
| title | Two Possible Strategies for Drug Modification of Gemcitabine and Future Contributions to Personalized Medicine |
| title_full | Two Possible Strategies for Drug Modification of Gemcitabine and Future Contributions to Personalized Medicine |
| title_fullStr | Two Possible Strategies for Drug Modification of Gemcitabine and Future Contributions to Personalized Medicine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Two Possible Strategies for Drug Modification of Gemcitabine and Future Contributions to Personalized Medicine |
| title_short | Two Possible Strategies for Drug Modification of Gemcitabine and Future Contributions to Personalized Medicine |
| title_sort | two possible strategies for drug modification of gemcitabine and future contributions to personalized medicine |
| topic | gemcitabine drug repurposing cell-penetrating peptides PBPK |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/1/291 |
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