Hypnotherapy compared to cognitive-behavioral therapy for smoking cessation in a randomized controlled trial
Worldwide, more than eight million people die each year as a result of tobacco use. A large proportion of smokers who want to quit are interested in alternative smoking cessation methods, of which hypnotherapy is the most popular. However, the efficacy of hypnotherapy as a tobacco cessation interven...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1330362/full |
| _version_ | 1797293791107874816 |
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| author | Anil Batra Sandra Eck Björn Riegel Sibylle Friedrich Kristina Fuhr Iris Torchalla Sven Tönnies |
| author_facet | Anil Batra Sandra Eck Björn Riegel Sibylle Friedrich Kristina Fuhr Iris Torchalla Sven Tönnies |
| author_sort | Anil Batra |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Worldwide, more than eight million people die each year as a result of tobacco use. A large proportion of smokers who want to quit are interested in alternative smoking cessation methods, of which hypnotherapy is the most popular. However, the efficacy of hypnotherapy as a tobacco cessation intervention cannot be considered sufficiently proven due to significant methodological limitations in the studies available to date. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of a hypnotherapeutic group program for smoking cessation with that of an established cognitive-behavioral group program in a randomized controlled trial. A total of 360 smokers who were willing to quit were randomly assigned to either hypnotherapy (HT) or cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) at two study sites, without regard to treatment preference. They each underwent a 6 weeks smoking cessation course (one 90 min group session per week) and were followed up at regular intervals over a 12 months period. The primary outcome variable was defined as continuous abstinence from smoking according to the Russell standard, verified by a carbon monoxide measurement at three measurement time points. Secondary outcome variables were 7 days point prevalence abstinence during the 12 months follow up and the number of cigarettes the non-quitters smoked per smoking day (smoking intensity). Generalized estimating equations were used to test treatment condition, hypnotic suggestibility, and treatment expectancy as predictors of abstinence. The two interventions did not differ significantly in the proportion of participants who remained continuously abstinent throughout the follow-up period (CBT: 15.6%, HT: 15.0%) and also regarding the 7 days abstinence rates during the 12 months follow-up (CBT: 21.2%, HT: 16.7%). However, when controlling for hypnotic suggestibility, CBT showed significantly higher 7 days abstinence rates. In terms of the continuous abstinence rates, it can be concluded that the efficacy of hypnotherapeutic methods for smoking cessation seem to be comparable to established programs such as CBT.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT01129999. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T21:20:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-71e25eaabd6944e1bdf23d6d1604fa7b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T21:20:57Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-71e25eaabd6944e1bdf23d6d1604fa7b2024-02-27T13:10:11ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782024-02-011510.3389/fpsyg.2024.13303621330362Hypnotherapy compared to cognitive-behavioral therapy for smoking cessation in a randomized controlled trialAnil Batra0Sandra Eck1Björn Riegel2Sibylle Friedrich3Kristina Fuhr4Iris Torchalla5Sven Tönnies6Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Section for Addiction Research and Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, GermanyDepartment for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Section for Addiction Research and Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, GermanyPrivate Practitioner, Hohenwestedt, GermanyPrivate Practitioner, Quickborn, GermanyDepartment for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Section for Addiction Research and Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, GermanyWest Coast Resiliency Centre, Vancouver, BC, CanadaDepartment of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University Hamburg, Hamburg, GermanyWorldwide, more than eight million people die each year as a result of tobacco use. A large proportion of smokers who want to quit are interested in alternative smoking cessation methods, of which hypnotherapy is the most popular. However, the efficacy of hypnotherapy as a tobacco cessation intervention cannot be considered sufficiently proven due to significant methodological limitations in the studies available to date. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of a hypnotherapeutic group program for smoking cessation with that of an established cognitive-behavioral group program in a randomized controlled trial. A total of 360 smokers who were willing to quit were randomly assigned to either hypnotherapy (HT) or cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) at two study sites, without regard to treatment preference. They each underwent a 6 weeks smoking cessation course (one 90 min group session per week) and were followed up at regular intervals over a 12 months period. The primary outcome variable was defined as continuous abstinence from smoking according to the Russell standard, verified by a carbon monoxide measurement at three measurement time points. Secondary outcome variables were 7 days point prevalence abstinence during the 12 months follow up and the number of cigarettes the non-quitters smoked per smoking day (smoking intensity). Generalized estimating equations were used to test treatment condition, hypnotic suggestibility, and treatment expectancy as predictors of abstinence. The two interventions did not differ significantly in the proportion of participants who remained continuously abstinent throughout the follow-up period (CBT: 15.6%, HT: 15.0%) and also regarding the 7 days abstinence rates during the 12 months follow-up (CBT: 21.2%, HT: 16.7%). However, when controlling for hypnotic suggestibility, CBT showed significantly higher 7 days abstinence rates. In terms of the continuous abstinence rates, it can be concluded that the efficacy of hypnotherapeutic methods for smoking cessation seem to be comparable to established programs such as CBT.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT01129999.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1330362/fullsmoking cessationtobacco usenicotine dependencecognitive-behavioral therapyhypnotherapy |
| spellingShingle | Anil Batra Sandra Eck Björn Riegel Sibylle Friedrich Kristina Fuhr Iris Torchalla Sven Tönnies Hypnotherapy compared to cognitive-behavioral therapy for smoking cessation in a randomized controlled trial Frontiers in Psychology smoking cessation tobacco use nicotine dependence cognitive-behavioral therapy hypnotherapy |
| title | Hypnotherapy compared to cognitive-behavioral therapy for smoking cessation in a randomized controlled trial |
| title_full | Hypnotherapy compared to cognitive-behavioral therapy for smoking cessation in a randomized controlled trial |
| title_fullStr | Hypnotherapy compared to cognitive-behavioral therapy for smoking cessation in a randomized controlled trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hypnotherapy compared to cognitive-behavioral therapy for smoking cessation in a randomized controlled trial |
| title_short | Hypnotherapy compared to cognitive-behavioral therapy for smoking cessation in a randomized controlled trial |
| title_sort | hypnotherapy compared to cognitive behavioral therapy for smoking cessation in a randomized controlled trial |
| topic | smoking cessation tobacco use nicotine dependence cognitive-behavioral therapy hypnotherapy |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1330362/full |
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