1 V Electronically Tunable Differential Difference Current Conveyors Using Multiple-Input Operational Transconductance Amplifiers
This paper presents electronically tunable current conveyors using low-voltage, low-power, multiple-input operational transconductance amplifiers (MI-OTAs). The MI-OTA is realized using the multiple-input bulk-driven Metal Oxide Semiconductor transistor (MIBD-MOST) technique to achieve minimum power...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/5/1558 |
| _version_ | 1797263884593135616 |
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| author | Montree Kumngern Fabian Khateb Tomasz Kulej Lukas Langhammer |
| author_facet | Montree Kumngern Fabian Khateb Tomasz Kulej Lukas Langhammer |
| author_sort | Montree Kumngern |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper presents electronically tunable current conveyors using low-voltage, low-power, multiple-input operational transconductance amplifiers (MI-OTAs). The MI-OTA is realized using the multiple-input bulk-driven Metal Oxide Semiconductor transistor (MIBD-MOST) technique to achieve minimum power consumption. The MI-OTA also features high linearity, a wide input range, and a simple Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS). Thus, high-performance electronically tunable current conveyors are obtained. With the MI-OTA-based current conveyor, both an electronically tunable differential difference current conveyor (EDDCC) and a second-generation electronically tunable current conveyor (ECCII) are available. Unlike the conventional differential difference current conveyor (DDCC) and second-generation current conveyor (CCII), the current gains of the EDDCC and ECCII can be controlled by adjusting the transconductance ratio of the current conveyors. The proposed EDDCC has been used to realize a voltage-to-current converter and current-mode universal filter to show the advantages of the current gain of the EDDCC. The proposed current conveyors and their applications are designed and simulated in the Cadence environment using 0.18 μm TSMC (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company) CMOS technology. The proposed circuit uses ±0.5 V of power supply and consumes 90 μW of power. The simulation results are presented and confirm the functionality of the proposed circuit and the filter application. Furthermore, the experimental measurement of the EDDCC implemented in the form of a breadboard connection using a commercially available LM13700 device is presented. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:20:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-71edfe52a88f463e809bea0678165809 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:20:06Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-71edfe52a88f463e809bea06781658092024-03-12T16:55:12ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202024-02-01245155810.3390/s240515581 V Electronically Tunable Differential Difference Current Conveyors Using Multiple-Input Operational Transconductance AmplifiersMontree Kumngern0Fabian Khateb1Tomasz Kulej2Lukas Langhammer3Department of Telecommunications Engineering, School of Engineering, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, ThailandDepartment of Microelectronics, Brno University of Technology, Technická 10, 601 90 Brno, Czech RepublicDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Czestochowa University of Technology, 42-201 Czestochowa, PolandDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Brno University of Defence, Kounicova 65, 662 10 Brno, Czech RepublicThis paper presents electronically tunable current conveyors using low-voltage, low-power, multiple-input operational transconductance amplifiers (MI-OTAs). The MI-OTA is realized using the multiple-input bulk-driven Metal Oxide Semiconductor transistor (MIBD-MOST) technique to achieve minimum power consumption. The MI-OTA also features high linearity, a wide input range, and a simple Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS). Thus, high-performance electronically tunable current conveyors are obtained. With the MI-OTA-based current conveyor, both an electronically tunable differential difference current conveyor (EDDCC) and a second-generation electronically tunable current conveyor (ECCII) are available. Unlike the conventional differential difference current conveyor (DDCC) and second-generation current conveyor (CCII), the current gains of the EDDCC and ECCII can be controlled by adjusting the transconductance ratio of the current conveyors. The proposed EDDCC has been used to realize a voltage-to-current converter and current-mode universal filter to show the advantages of the current gain of the EDDCC. The proposed current conveyors and their applications are designed and simulated in the Cadence environment using 0.18 μm TSMC (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company) CMOS technology. The proposed circuit uses ±0.5 V of power supply and consumes 90 μW of power. The simulation results are presented and confirm the functionality of the proposed circuit and the filter application. Furthermore, the experimental measurement of the EDDCC implemented in the form of a breadboard connection using a commercially available LM13700 device is presented.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/5/1558second-generation current conveyor (CCII)differential difference current conveyor (DDCC)operational transconductance amplifier (OTA)voltage-to-current convertercurrent-mode universal filter |
| spellingShingle | Montree Kumngern Fabian Khateb Tomasz Kulej Lukas Langhammer 1 V Electronically Tunable Differential Difference Current Conveyors Using Multiple-Input Operational Transconductance Amplifiers Sensors second-generation current conveyor (CCII) differential difference current conveyor (DDCC) operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) voltage-to-current converter current-mode universal filter |
| title | 1 V Electronically Tunable Differential Difference Current Conveyors Using Multiple-Input Operational Transconductance Amplifiers |
| title_full | 1 V Electronically Tunable Differential Difference Current Conveyors Using Multiple-Input Operational Transconductance Amplifiers |
| title_fullStr | 1 V Electronically Tunable Differential Difference Current Conveyors Using Multiple-Input Operational Transconductance Amplifiers |
| title_full_unstemmed | 1 V Electronically Tunable Differential Difference Current Conveyors Using Multiple-Input Operational Transconductance Amplifiers |
| title_short | 1 V Electronically Tunable Differential Difference Current Conveyors Using Multiple-Input Operational Transconductance Amplifiers |
| title_sort | 1 v electronically tunable differential difference current conveyors using multiple input operational transconductance amplifiers |
| topic | second-generation current conveyor (CCII) differential difference current conveyor (DDCC) operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) voltage-to-current converter current-mode universal filter |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/5/1558 |
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