Human RF Electromagnetic Exposure to V2X-Communication
<p>In the era of automated and connected driving, more and more cars will be equipped with wireless transmission technologies such as mobile communications 4G (LTE) and 5G, WiFi, Bluetooth, and V2X. For the technical implementation of V2X-communications, different standards like cellular-V2X f...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | deu |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Advances in Radio Science |
| Online Access: | https://ars.copernicus.org/articles/19/233/2022/ars-19-233-2022.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818050167694163968 |
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| author | L.-M. Schilling C. Bornkessel M. A. Hein |
| author_facet | L.-M. Schilling C. Bornkessel M. A. Hein |
| author_sort | L.-M. Schilling |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>In the era of automated and connected driving, more and
more cars will be equipped with wireless transmission technologies such as
mobile communications 4G (LTE) and 5G, WiFi, Bluetooth, and V2X. For the
technical implementation of V2X-communications, different standards like
cellular-V2X from the cooperation 3rd Generation Partnership Project and
ITS-G5, based on the WiFi standard 802.11p from the Institute of Electrical
and Electronics Engineers, are under consideration. The electromagnetic
environment of cars and the corresponding exposure of the general public to
wireless emission will be significantly influenced by new radio
technologies. Under all circumstances, it must be ensured that the exposure
of the electromagnetic fields inside a car does not cause any harmful
effects on humans. In order to quantitatively assess the resulting exposure, the generated exposure must be correctly recorded and evaluated according to
their specific time-frequency spectra. This paper describes a new
measurement procedure suitable for the V2X-standard ITS-G5 together with
various exposure measurements performed in different cars with WiFi,
Bluetooth and ITS-G5. In comparison of all wireless standards studied here,
the V2X-service generated the highest electric field strengths inside a car,
when a transmitting di-patch antenna was mounted on the windscreen inside
the driver's cabin. The maximum fraction of the corresponding ICNIRP
reference level amounted to 15.1 %. We conclude that the total exposure
of wireless on-board automotive devices will be dominated by ITS-G5, if the
transmitting antenna is located inside the passenger cabin. As
V2X-communications will increasingly penetrate road traffic, the resulting
exposure should be carefully monitored, in order not to exceed the
corresponding reference levels for general public.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T10:49:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7213536bc56c489fa2a98f43f2784f87 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1684-9965 1684-9973 |
| language | deu |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T10:49:10Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advances in Radio Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-7213536bc56c489fa2a98f43f2784f872022-12-22T01:52:05ZdeuCopernicus PublicationsAdvances in Radio Science1684-99651684-99732022-09-011923323910.5194/ars-19-233-2022Human RF Electromagnetic Exposure to V2X-CommunicationL.-M. SchillingC. BornkesselM. A. Hein<p>In the era of automated and connected driving, more and more cars will be equipped with wireless transmission technologies such as mobile communications 4G (LTE) and 5G, WiFi, Bluetooth, and V2X. For the technical implementation of V2X-communications, different standards like cellular-V2X from the cooperation 3rd Generation Partnership Project and ITS-G5, based on the WiFi standard 802.11p from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, are under consideration. The electromagnetic environment of cars and the corresponding exposure of the general public to wireless emission will be significantly influenced by new radio technologies. Under all circumstances, it must be ensured that the exposure of the electromagnetic fields inside a car does not cause any harmful effects on humans. In order to quantitatively assess the resulting exposure, the generated exposure must be correctly recorded and evaluated according to their specific time-frequency spectra. This paper describes a new measurement procedure suitable for the V2X-standard ITS-G5 together with various exposure measurements performed in different cars with WiFi, Bluetooth and ITS-G5. In comparison of all wireless standards studied here, the V2X-service generated the highest electric field strengths inside a car, when a transmitting di-patch antenna was mounted on the windscreen inside the driver's cabin. The maximum fraction of the corresponding ICNIRP reference level amounted to 15.1 %. We conclude that the total exposure of wireless on-board automotive devices will be dominated by ITS-G5, if the transmitting antenna is located inside the passenger cabin. As V2X-communications will increasingly penetrate road traffic, the resulting exposure should be carefully monitored, in order not to exceed the corresponding reference levels for general public.</p>https://ars.copernicus.org/articles/19/233/2022/ars-19-233-2022.pdf |
| spellingShingle | L.-M. Schilling C. Bornkessel M. A. Hein Human RF Electromagnetic Exposure to V2X-Communication Advances in Radio Science |
| title | Human RF Electromagnetic Exposure to V2X-Communication |
| title_full | Human RF Electromagnetic Exposure to V2X-Communication |
| title_fullStr | Human RF Electromagnetic Exposure to V2X-Communication |
| title_full_unstemmed | Human RF Electromagnetic Exposure to V2X-Communication |
| title_short | Human RF Electromagnetic Exposure to V2X-Communication |
| title_sort | human rf electromagnetic exposure to v2x communication |
| url | https://ars.copernicus.org/articles/19/233/2022/ars-19-233-2022.pdf |
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