Multidisciplinary approach and treatment of acral and mucosal melanoma
Acral and mucosal melanoma are uncommon variants of melanoma. Acral melanoma has an age-adjusted incidence of approximately 1.8 cases per million individuals per year, accounting for about 2% to 3% of all melanoma cases. On the other hand, mucosal melanoma, with an incidence of 2.2 cases per million...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Oncology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2024.1340408/full |
| _version_ | 1797295018413654016 |
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| author | Ana Fortuna Teresa Amaral Teresa Amaral |
| author_facet | Ana Fortuna Teresa Amaral Teresa Amaral |
| author_sort | Ana Fortuna |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Acral and mucosal melanoma are uncommon variants of melanoma. Acral melanoma has an age-adjusted incidence of approximately 1.8 cases per million individuals per year, accounting for about 2% to 3% of all melanoma cases. On the other hand, mucosal melanoma, with an incidence of 2.2 cases per million per year, makes up around 1.3% of all melanoma cases. These melanomas, in addition to being biologically and clinically distinct from cutaneous melanoma, share certain clinical and pathologic characteristics. These include a more aggressive nature and a less favorable prognosis. Furthermore, they exhibit a different mutational pattern, with KIT mutations being more prevalent in acral and mucosal melanomas. This divergence in mutational patterns may partially account for the relatively poorer prognosis, particularly to immune checkpoint inhibitors. This review explores various aspects of acral and mucosal melanoma, including their clinical presentation, pathologic features, mutational profiles, current therapeutic approaches, outcomes associated with systemic therapy, and potential strategies to address resistance to existing treatments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T21:40:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-72135d3520494fbe9dd26db61191f537 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2234-943X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T21:40:30Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Oncology |
| spelling | doaj.art-72135d3520494fbe9dd26db61191f5372024-02-26T09:44:52ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Oncology2234-943X2024-02-011410.3389/fonc.2024.13404081340408Multidisciplinary approach and treatment of acral and mucosal melanomaAna Fortuna0Teresa Amaral1Teresa Amaral2Oncology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Algarve, Faro, PortugalCenter for Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, GermanyCluster of Excellence Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies (iFIT) (EXC 2180), Tübingen, GermanyAcral and mucosal melanoma are uncommon variants of melanoma. Acral melanoma has an age-adjusted incidence of approximately 1.8 cases per million individuals per year, accounting for about 2% to 3% of all melanoma cases. On the other hand, mucosal melanoma, with an incidence of 2.2 cases per million per year, makes up around 1.3% of all melanoma cases. These melanomas, in addition to being biologically and clinically distinct from cutaneous melanoma, share certain clinical and pathologic characteristics. These include a more aggressive nature and a less favorable prognosis. Furthermore, they exhibit a different mutational pattern, with KIT mutations being more prevalent in acral and mucosal melanomas. This divergence in mutational patterns may partially account for the relatively poorer prognosis, particularly to immune checkpoint inhibitors. This review explores various aspects of acral and mucosal melanoma, including their clinical presentation, pathologic features, mutational profiles, current therapeutic approaches, outcomes associated with systemic therapy, and potential strategies to address resistance to existing treatments.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2024.1340408/fullacral melanomamucosal melanomaKIT mutationsGNAQ mutationGNA11 mutationimmunotherapy |
| spellingShingle | Ana Fortuna Teresa Amaral Teresa Amaral Multidisciplinary approach and treatment of acral and mucosal melanoma Frontiers in Oncology acral melanoma mucosal melanoma KIT mutations GNAQ mutation GNA11 mutation immunotherapy |
| title | Multidisciplinary approach and treatment of acral and mucosal melanoma |
| title_full | Multidisciplinary approach and treatment of acral and mucosal melanoma |
| title_fullStr | Multidisciplinary approach and treatment of acral and mucosal melanoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multidisciplinary approach and treatment of acral and mucosal melanoma |
| title_short | Multidisciplinary approach and treatment of acral and mucosal melanoma |
| title_sort | multidisciplinary approach and treatment of acral and mucosal melanoma |
| topic | acral melanoma mucosal melanoma KIT mutations GNAQ mutation GNA11 mutation immunotherapy |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2024.1340408/full |
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