Effect of Initial Temperature on the Microstructure and Properties of Stellite-6/Inconel 718 Functional Gradient Materials Formed by Laser Metal Deposition
Stelite-6/Inconel 718 functionally gradient materials (FGM) is a heat-resisting functional gradient material with excellent strength performance under ultra-high temperatures (650–1100 °C) and, thus, has potential application in aeronautic and aerospace engineering such as engine turbine blade. To i...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-06-01
|
| Series: | Materials |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/13/3609 |
| _version_ | 1797528532933410816 |
|---|---|
| author | Jun Yao Bo Xin Yadong Gong Guang Cheng |
| author_facet | Jun Yao Bo Xin Yadong Gong Guang Cheng |
| author_sort | Jun Yao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Stelite-6/Inconel 718 functionally gradient materials (FGM) is a heat-resisting functional gradient material with excellent strength performance under ultra-high temperatures (650–1100 °C) and, thus, has potential application in aeronautic and aerospace engineering such as engine turbine blade. To investigate the effect of initial temperature on the microstructure and properties of laser metal deposition (LMD) functional gradient material (FGM), this paper uses the LMD technique to form Stelite-6/Inconel 718 FGM at two different initial temperatures: room temperature and preheating (300 °C). Analysis of the internal residual stress distribution, elemental distribution, microstructure, tensile properties, and microhardness of 100% Stelite-6 to 100% Inconel 718 FGM formed at different initial temperatures in a 10% gradient. The experimental results prove that the high initial temperature effectively improves the uneven distribution of internal residual stresses. Preheating slows down the solidification time of the melt pool and facilitates the escape of gases and the homogeneous diffusion of elements in the melt pool. In addition, preheating reduces the bonding area between the gradient layers, enhancing the metallurgical bonding properties between the layers and improving the tensile properties. Compared with Stellite-6/Inconel 718 FGM formed at room temperature, the mean yield strength, mean tensile strength, and mean elongation of Stellite-6/Inconel 718 FGM formed at 300 °C are increased by 65.1 Mpa, 97 MPa, and 5.2%. However, the high initial temperature will affect the hardness of the material. The average hardness of Stellite-6/Inconel 718 FGM formed at 300 °C is 26.9 HV (Vickers hardness) lower than that of Stellite-6/Inconel 718 FGM formed at 20 °C. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:59:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-722710b6d5ab48819ea1800df1efbfd2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:59:43Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-722710b6d5ab48819ea1800df1efbfd22023-11-22T02:02:17ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442021-06-011413360910.3390/ma14133609Effect of Initial Temperature on the Microstructure and Properties of Stellite-6/Inconel 718 Functional Gradient Materials Formed by Laser Metal DepositionJun Yao0Bo Xin1Yadong Gong2Guang Cheng3Department of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, ChinaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, ChinaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, ChinaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, ChinaStelite-6/Inconel 718 functionally gradient materials (FGM) is a heat-resisting functional gradient material with excellent strength performance under ultra-high temperatures (650–1100 °C) and, thus, has potential application in aeronautic and aerospace engineering such as engine turbine blade. To investigate the effect of initial temperature on the microstructure and properties of laser metal deposition (LMD) functional gradient material (FGM), this paper uses the LMD technique to form Stelite-6/Inconel 718 FGM at two different initial temperatures: room temperature and preheating (300 °C). Analysis of the internal residual stress distribution, elemental distribution, microstructure, tensile properties, and microhardness of 100% Stelite-6 to 100% Inconel 718 FGM formed at different initial temperatures in a 10% gradient. The experimental results prove that the high initial temperature effectively improves the uneven distribution of internal residual stresses. Preheating slows down the solidification time of the melt pool and facilitates the escape of gases and the homogeneous diffusion of elements in the melt pool. In addition, preheating reduces the bonding area between the gradient layers, enhancing the metallurgical bonding properties between the layers and improving the tensile properties. Compared with Stellite-6/Inconel 718 FGM formed at room temperature, the mean yield strength, mean tensile strength, and mean elongation of Stellite-6/Inconel 718 FGM formed at 300 °C are increased by 65.1 Mpa, 97 MPa, and 5.2%. However, the high initial temperature will affect the hardness of the material. The average hardness of Stellite-6/Inconel 718 FGM formed at 300 °C is 26.9 HV (Vickers hardness) lower than that of Stellite-6/Inconel 718 FGM formed at 20 °C.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/13/3609laser mental deposition (LMD)functionally gradient materials (FGM)preheatmicrostructuretensile propertiesmicrohardness |
| spellingShingle | Jun Yao Bo Xin Yadong Gong Guang Cheng Effect of Initial Temperature on the Microstructure and Properties of Stellite-6/Inconel 718 Functional Gradient Materials Formed by Laser Metal Deposition Materials laser mental deposition (LMD) functionally gradient materials (FGM) preheat microstructure tensile properties microhardness |
| title | Effect of Initial Temperature on the Microstructure and Properties of Stellite-6/Inconel 718 Functional Gradient Materials Formed by Laser Metal Deposition |
| title_full | Effect of Initial Temperature on the Microstructure and Properties of Stellite-6/Inconel 718 Functional Gradient Materials Formed by Laser Metal Deposition |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Initial Temperature on the Microstructure and Properties of Stellite-6/Inconel 718 Functional Gradient Materials Formed by Laser Metal Deposition |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Initial Temperature on the Microstructure and Properties of Stellite-6/Inconel 718 Functional Gradient Materials Formed by Laser Metal Deposition |
| title_short | Effect of Initial Temperature on the Microstructure and Properties of Stellite-6/Inconel 718 Functional Gradient Materials Formed by Laser Metal Deposition |
| title_sort | effect of initial temperature on the microstructure and properties of stellite 6 inconel 718 functional gradient materials formed by laser metal deposition |
| topic | laser mental deposition (LMD) functionally gradient materials (FGM) preheat microstructure tensile properties microhardness |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/13/3609 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT junyao effectofinitialtemperatureonthemicrostructureandpropertiesofstellite6inconel718functionalgradientmaterialsformedbylasermetaldeposition AT boxin effectofinitialtemperatureonthemicrostructureandpropertiesofstellite6inconel718functionalgradientmaterialsformedbylasermetaldeposition AT yadonggong effectofinitialtemperatureonthemicrostructureandpropertiesofstellite6inconel718functionalgradientmaterialsformedbylasermetaldeposition AT guangcheng effectofinitialtemperatureonthemicrostructureandpropertiesofstellite6inconel718functionalgradientmaterialsformedbylasermetaldeposition |