Management of encephalomyocarditis virus infection in Italian pig farms: a case report
Abstract Background Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) has been isolated from many animals, frequently as the cause of fatal myocarditis, but pigs are the most susceptible domestic specie. The virus was isolated in swine farms since 1958 in Panama and Europe from cases of sudden death in young pigs,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-02-01
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| Series: | BMC Veterinary Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-023-03611-6 |
| _version_ | 1797452241522655232 |
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| author | A. Scollo C. Mazzoni A. Luppi |
| author_facet | A. Scollo C. Mazzoni A. Luppi |
| author_sort | A. Scollo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) has been isolated from many animals, frequently as the cause of fatal myocarditis, but pigs are the most susceptible domestic specie. The virus was isolated in swine farms since 1958 in Panama and Europe from cases of sudden death in young pigs, and the main origin of outbreaks has been assumed to be local rodent populations. There is no treatment for the disease. Case presentation The clinical case describes an outbreak of encephalomyocarditis virus in a farrowing (farm A) and a weaning (farm B) site, with mortality that reached 24.2% in suckling piglets and 7.7% in weaners. The farms were located in an endemic Italian area, and the outbreak was characterised by high mortality with sudden death and clinical signs due to heart failure (trembling, dispnea and fever). The rodents control program was the key action in managing the outbreak. However, in the weaning site, the lack of rodent program in some unexplored areas of the barn (false ceiling) was responsible of a longer time of resolution of the outbreak. An unusual support treatment approach from human medicine suggestion was also applied using acetylsalicylic acid for its antiphlogistic and antithrombotic effects. Conclusions To control the rodent population in a pig farm is often difficult and requires a deep knowledge also of the rodents habits. Considering the lack of treatment for the disease and the absence of available vaccines in several Countries, acetylsalicylic acid might be of interest for further studies as an important support for pigs’ recovery. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:05:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7240a097bc674925803a03b255268d95 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1746-6148 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:05:57Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Veterinary Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-7240a097bc674925803a03b255268d952023-11-26T13:38:26ZengBMCBMC Veterinary Research1746-61482023-02-011911910.1186/s12917-023-03611-6Management of encephalomyocarditis virus infection in Italian pig farms: a case reportA. Scollo0C. Mazzoni1A. Luppi2Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of TorinoSwivet Research sasIstituto Zooproflattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia-RomagnaAbstract Background Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) has been isolated from many animals, frequently as the cause of fatal myocarditis, but pigs are the most susceptible domestic specie. The virus was isolated in swine farms since 1958 in Panama and Europe from cases of sudden death in young pigs, and the main origin of outbreaks has been assumed to be local rodent populations. There is no treatment for the disease. Case presentation The clinical case describes an outbreak of encephalomyocarditis virus in a farrowing (farm A) and a weaning (farm B) site, with mortality that reached 24.2% in suckling piglets and 7.7% in weaners. The farms were located in an endemic Italian area, and the outbreak was characterised by high mortality with sudden death and clinical signs due to heart failure (trembling, dispnea and fever). The rodents control program was the key action in managing the outbreak. However, in the weaning site, the lack of rodent program in some unexplored areas of the barn (false ceiling) was responsible of a longer time of resolution of the outbreak. An unusual support treatment approach from human medicine suggestion was also applied using acetylsalicylic acid for its antiphlogistic and antithrombotic effects. Conclusions To control the rodent population in a pig farm is often difficult and requires a deep knowledge also of the rodents habits. Considering the lack of treatment for the disease and the absence of available vaccines in several Countries, acetylsalicylic acid might be of interest for further studies as an important support for pigs’ recovery.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-023-03611-6Encephalomyocarditis virusPigsAcetylsalicylic acidSupport therapy |
| spellingShingle | A. Scollo C. Mazzoni A. Luppi Management of encephalomyocarditis virus infection in Italian pig farms: a case report BMC Veterinary Research Encephalomyocarditis virus Pigs Acetylsalicylic acid Support therapy |
| title | Management of encephalomyocarditis virus infection in Italian pig farms: a case report |
| title_full | Management of encephalomyocarditis virus infection in Italian pig farms: a case report |
| title_fullStr | Management of encephalomyocarditis virus infection in Italian pig farms: a case report |
| title_full_unstemmed | Management of encephalomyocarditis virus infection in Italian pig farms: a case report |
| title_short | Management of encephalomyocarditis virus infection in Italian pig farms: a case report |
| title_sort | management of encephalomyocarditis virus infection in italian pig farms a case report |
| topic | Encephalomyocarditis virus Pigs Acetylsalicylic acid Support therapy |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-023-03611-6 |
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