| Summary: | A 49-year-old female had progressive diffused chest tightness for one week. Physical examination and chest film showed the right-side pneumothorax as over 40% pneumothorax. After the pneumothorax was drained by a pigtail catheter, an exploratory thoracotomy operation was conducted. The right upper lobe and pleural lesions were resected by a thoracic surgeon. The histopathology revealed emphysema of the lung, with pulmonary and pleural endometriosis. The gynecologist was consulted and laparoscopic surgery was performd for diagnosis. The endometriosis was shown at the diaphragmatic area without pelvic endometriosis. The lesions were resected. The histopathology showed endometriosis of diaphragmatic area. The five-year follow-up did not show evidence of recurrence, and hormonal treatment was not used.
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