Carbon Composites—Graphene-Oxide-Catalyzed Sugar Graphitization
Utilization of biopolymers to form graphitic carbons is challenged by their high oxygen content and resulting curved and defective carbon lamellae upon high-temperature heat-treatment. Two composites, one with graphene-oxide (GO) and the other with reduced graphene-oxide (rGO) as fillers, respective...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-02-01
|
| Series: | C |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5629/8/1/15 |
| _version_ | 1797472452397236224 |
|---|---|
| author | Madhu Singh Randy L. Vander Wal |
| author_facet | Madhu Singh Randy L. Vander Wal |
| author_sort | Madhu Singh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Utilization of biopolymers to form graphitic carbons is challenged by their high oxygen content and resulting curved and defective carbon lamellae upon high-temperature heat-treatment. Two composites, one with graphene-oxide (GO) and the other with reduced graphene-oxide (rGO) as fillers, respectively, in a matrix of sugar, each for the same added 2.5 wt.%, exhibited different degrees of graphitization compared to pure sugar on its own. Reactive oxygen groups on GO contribute to reactive templating and crystallite formation. Under high-temperature heat-treatment, sugar, a well-known non-graphitizing precursor, is converted to graphitic carbon in the presence of GO. Possessing fewer oxygen groups, rGO forms two phases in the sugar matrix—a non-graphitic phase and a graphitic phase. The latter is attributed to the remaining oxygen on the rGO. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:01:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-724cec13778c4d8b85863da63a15ba6e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-5629 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:01:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | C |
| spelling | doaj.art-724cec13778c4d8b85863da63a15ba6e2023-11-24T00:41:27ZengMDPI AGC2311-56292022-02-01811510.3390/c8010015Carbon Composites—Graphene-Oxide-Catalyzed Sugar GraphitizationMadhu Singh0Randy L. Vander Wal1John and Willie Leone Family, Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering and The EMS Energy Institute, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USAJohn and Willie Leone Family, Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering and The EMS Energy Institute, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USAUtilization of biopolymers to form graphitic carbons is challenged by their high oxygen content and resulting curved and defective carbon lamellae upon high-temperature heat-treatment. Two composites, one with graphene-oxide (GO) and the other with reduced graphene-oxide (rGO) as fillers, respectively, in a matrix of sugar, each for the same added 2.5 wt.%, exhibited different degrees of graphitization compared to pure sugar on its own. Reactive oxygen groups on GO contribute to reactive templating and crystallite formation. Under high-temperature heat-treatment, sugar, a well-known non-graphitizing precursor, is converted to graphitic carbon in the presence of GO. Possessing fewer oxygen groups, rGO forms two phases in the sugar matrix—a non-graphitic phase and a graphitic phase. The latter is attributed to the remaining oxygen on the rGO.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5629/8/1/15biopolymergraphitizationsugartemplatinggraphene oxide |
| spellingShingle | Madhu Singh Randy L. Vander Wal Carbon Composites—Graphene-Oxide-Catalyzed Sugar Graphitization C biopolymer graphitization sugar templating graphene oxide |
| title | Carbon Composites—Graphene-Oxide-Catalyzed Sugar Graphitization |
| title_full | Carbon Composites—Graphene-Oxide-Catalyzed Sugar Graphitization |
| title_fullStr | Carbon Composites—Graphene-Oxide-Catalyzed Sugar Graphitization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Carbon Composites—Graphene-Oxide-Catalyzed Sugar Graphitization |
| title_short | Carbon Composites—Graphene-Oxide-Catalyzed Sugar Graphitization |
| title_sort | carbon composites graphene oxide catalyzed sugar graphitization |
| topic | biopolymer graphitization sugar templating graphene oxide |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5629/8/1/15 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT madhusingh carboncompositesgrapheneoxidecatalyzedsugargraphitization AT randylvanderwal carboncompositesgrapheneoxidecatalyzedsugargraphitization |