Genus Malus Mill. in Arboretum collection of Peter the Great Botanic Garden
Genus Apples (<i>Malus</i> Mill.) have been known at Peter the Great Botanic Garden of the Komarov Botanical Institute Russian Academy of Sciences since the end of the XVIII century, the first exotic species was <i>M. pumila</i> Mill. (<i>M. domestica</i> Borkh.)....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | Russian |
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Petrozavodsk State University
2015-12-01
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| Series: | Hortus Botanicus |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://hb.karelia.ru/journal/article.php?id=2341 |
| _version_ | 1828279690314383360 |
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| author | Firsov Gennadiy Vasiliev Nikolay Tkachenko Kirill |
| author_facet | Firsov Gennadiy Vasiliev Nikolay Tkachenko Kirill |
| author_sort | Firsov Gennadiy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Genus Apples (<i>Malus</i> Mill.) have been known at Peter the Great Botanic Garden of the Komarov Botanical Institute Russian Academy of Sciences since the end of the XVIII century, the first exotic species was <i>M. pumila</i> Mill. (<i>M. domestica</i> Borkh.). It is here <i>M. floribunda</i> Siebold ex van Houtte, <i>M. sachalinensis</i> (Kom.) Juz. and <i>M. sieboldii</i> (Regel) Rehd. apparently were firstly introduced into general cultivation. The hardiest is <i>M. baccata</i> (L.) Borkh. which is represented here constantly since 1816. There are 71 specimens in modern collection which belong to 21 taxa. They are mostly small trees, and very seldom - shrubs. Some of them exceed the sizes which they attain in optimal conditions of their natural habitats. Certain trees belong to the largest and the oldest ones in the European gardens. In modern climatic conditions nearly all taxa are winter hardy, though earlier they were considerably bitten by frosts in abnormally ((severe)) winters of the XX century. The most of them produce fruits well. There are certain specimens who may be promising for tests and selection as a fruit trees – they have good and steady crop and produce edible apples of rather good quality. Some species such as <i>M. orthocarpa</i> Lavall., <i>M</i>. x <i>spectabilis</i> (Aiton) Borkh., <i>M. tschonoskii</i> (Maxim.) C.K. Schneid. Maybe recommending for repeated introduction. There are good prospects for primary introduction of species which have never been tested - <i>M. brevipes</i> Rehd., <i>M. rockii</i> Rehd., <i>M. ioensis</i> (Wood) Britt. etc.
In connection with the analysis of collections of open-air ground in our Botanical garden, and evaluation and the introduction of different types of groups of plants were analyzed and the data on the genus <i>Malus</i>. Analysis of published lists of seeds – Index ((здесь надо множественное число)) seminum or Delectus ((и здесь)), which our Garden published from 1835, allows us to judge the effectiveness of fruiting grown in the Garden of plant species. Several species of <i>Malus</i> in the Garden fruited not lasting. But those species whose seeds are often included in the exchange lists, says that they are resistant to the climate of St. Petersburg, and can be recommended for urban gardening (<i>M. cerasifera, M. cerasifolia, M. manshurica, M. pallasiana, M. prunifolia, M. sieboldi</i>).
Some of the types and forms of species from genus <i>Malus</i> from the collection of the Garden, can be regarded as promising for the needs of green building and modern urbanofloristic. They are also of interest as decorative and suitable for testing as fruit trees, and as a basis for future breeding selection. Many types of freezes earlier species of <i>Malus</i>, in a changing and global warming can be quite promising for breeding now for the conditions of St. Petersburg. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T07:46:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-72519ddce3cd46929e5b3fc654e1a7d0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1994-3849 |
| language | Russian |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T07:46:54Z |
| publishDate | 2015-12-01 |
| publisher | Petrozavodsk State University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Hortus Botanicus |
| spelling | doaj.art-72519ddce3cd46929e5b3fc654e1a7d02022-12-22T02:55:39ZrusPetrozavodsk State UniversityHortus Botanicus1994-38492015-12-0110110.15393/j4.art.2015.23412341Genus Malus Mill. in Arboretum collection of Peter the Great Botanic GardenFirsov Gennadiy0Vasiliev Nikolay1Tkachenko Kirill2Komarov Botanical Institute of RASKomarov Botanical Institute of RASKomarov Botanical Institute of RASGenus Apples (<i>Malus</i> Mill.) have been known at Peter the Great Botanic Garden of the Komarov Botanical Institute Russian Academy of Sciences since the end of the XVIII century, the first exotic species was <i>M. pumila</i> Mill. (<i>M. domestica</i> Borkh.). It is here <i>M. floribunda</i> Siebold ex van Houtte, <i>M. sachalinensis</i> (Kom.) Juz. and <i>M. sieboldii</i> (Regel) Rehd. apparently were firstly introduced into general cultivation. The hardiest is <i>M. baccata</i> (L.) Borkh. which is represented here constantly since 1816. There are 71 specimens in modern collection which belong to 21 taxa. They are mostly small trees, and very seldom - shrubs. Some of them exceed the sizes which they attain in optimal conditions of their natural habitats. Certain trees belong to the largest and the oldest ones in the European gardens. In modern climatic conditions nearly all taxa are winter hardy, though earlier they were considerably bitten by frosts in abnormally ((severe)) winters of the XX century. The most of them produce fruits well. There are certain specimens who may be promising for tests and selection as a fruit trees – they have good and steady crop and produce edible apples of rather good quality. Some species such as <i>M. orthocarpa</i> Lavall., <i>M</i>. x <i>spectabilis</i> (Aiton) Borkh., <i>M. tschonoskii</i> (Maxim.) C.K. Schneid. Maybe recommending for repeated introduction. There are good prospects for primary introduction of species which have never been tested - <i>M. brevipes</i> Rehd., <i>M. rockii</i> Rehd., <i>M. ioensis</i> (Wood) Britt. etc. In connection with the analysis of collections of open-air ground in our Botanical garden, and evaluation and the introduction of different types of groups of plants were analyzed and the data on the genus <i>Malus</i>. Analysis of published lists of seeds – Index ((здесь надо множественное число)) seminum or Delectus ((и здесь)), which our Garden published from 1835, allows us to judge the effectiveness of fruiting grown in the Garden of plant species. Several species of <i>Malus</i> in the Garden fruited not lasting. But those species whose seeds are often included in the exchange lists, says that they are resistant to the climate of St. Petersburg, and can be recommended for urban gardening (<i>M. cerasifera, M. cerasifolia, M. manshurica, M. pallasiana, M. prunifolia, M. sieboldi</i>). Some of the types and forms of species from genus <i>Malus</i> from the collection of the Garden, can be regarded as promising for the needs of green building and modern urbanofloristic. They are also of interest as decorative and suitable for testing as fruit trees, and as a basis for future breeding selection. Many types of freezes earlier species of <i>Malus</i>, in a changing and global warming can be quite promising for breeding now for the conditions of St. Petersburg.http://hb.karelia.ru/journal/article.php?id=2341MalusPyrusяблоняинтродукция растенийвведение в культуру новых видовБотанический сад Петра ВеликогоСанкт-Петербургский ботанический садбиологические особенностиплодоношение. |
| spellingShingle | Firsov Gennadiy Vasiliev Nikolay Tkachenko Kirill Genus Malus Mill. in Arboretum collection of Peter the Great Botanic Garden Hortus Botanicus Malus Pyrus яблоня интродукция растений введение в культуру новых видов Ботанический сад Петра Великого Санкт-Петербургский ботанический сад биологические особенности плодоношение. |
| title | Genus Malus Mill. in Arboretum collection of Peter the Great Botanic Garden |
| title_full | Genus Malus Mill. in Arboretum collection of Peter the Great Botanic Garden |
| title_fullStr | Genus Malus Mill. in Arboretum collection of Peter the Great Botanic Garden |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genus Malus Mill. in Arboretum collection of Peter the Great Botanic Garden |
| title_short | Genus Malus Mill. in Arboretum collection of Peter the Great Botanic Garden |
| title_sort | genus malus mill in arboretum collection of peter the great botanic garden |
| topic | Malus Pyrus яблоня интродукция растений введение в культуру новых видов Ботанический сад Петра Великого Санкт-Петербургский ботанический сад биологические особенности плодоношение. |
| url | http://hb.karelia.ru/journal/article.php?id=2341 |
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