The Direct-Contact Gravel, Ground, Air Heat Exchanger—Application in Single-Family Residential Passive Buildings
This paper presents proposals for using the direct-contact gravel, ground, air heat exchanger in single-family residential buildings with a passive house standard, according to the Passive House Institute (PHI). The methodology of their application consists of using heat and cold from the ground at...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-08-01
|
| Series: | Energies |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/17/6110 |
| _version_ | 1797495745558872064 |
|---|---|
| author | Bartosz Radomski Franciszek Kowalski Tomasz Mróz |
| author_facet | Bartosz Radomski Franciszek Kowalski Tomasz Mróz |
| author_sort | Bartosz Radomski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper presents proposals for using the direct-contact gravel, ground, air heat exchanger in single-family residential buildings with a passive house standard, according to the Passive House Institute (PHI). The methodology of their application consists of using heat and cold from the ground at an insignificant depth (about 1.5–4.0 m below the ground level for the central European climate) through an aggregate that is buried in the ground. This solution of simple installations is used for preheating and cooling fresh air drawn into the building through a mechanical ventilation system with heat recovery. In more complex applications it can be integrated with the source of heat and cold in passive buildings to create complete heating, cooling, and ventilation systems. In both cases, the air flowing through the exchanger is cooled and dried in summer, heated and humidified in winter, and filtered from pollen and bacteria all year. Direct contact of the deposit with the surrounding native soil facilitates rapid regeneration of the bed temperature. This article presents several proposals for integration with systems ensuring climatic comfort in a passive building, as exemplary applications. The paper presents preliminary estimates of energy (savings of up to 70% of electrical energy consumed), economic (SPBT = 3.65 years), and environmental (69.5% reduction in CO<sub>2</sub> emissions) benefits related to implementing this solution in various configurations of technological systems for buildings in Poland. The calculations were carried out for the city of Poznań, taking into account the hourly intervals and using the author’s code written in MS Excel. The analysis of the operation of the direct-contact gravel, ground, air heat exchanger (GGAHE) system is based on a theoretical heat and mass exchange model. The integrated solutions of technical systems presented in this article provide an interesting alternative to traditional heating, cooling, and ventilation systems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:54:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7251f54a4b674e4a9025ba1ff635cf72 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:54:01Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-7251f54a4b674e4a9025ba1ff635cf722023-11-23T13:00:25ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732022-08-011517611010.3390/en15176110The Direct-Contact Gravel, Ground, Air Heat Exchanger—Application in Single-Family Residential Passive BuildingsBartosz Radomski0Franciszek Kowalski1Tomasz Mróz2Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Science, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, PolandFaculty of Environmental Engineering and Energy Poznań, University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznań, PolandFaculty of Environmental Engineering and Energy Poznań, University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznań, PolandThis paper presents proposals for using the direct-contact gravel, ground, air heat exchanger in single-family residential buildings with a passive house standard, according to the Passive House Institute (PHI). The methodology of their application consists of using heat and cold from the ground at an insignificant depth (about 1.5–4.0 m below the ground level for the central European climate) through an aggregate that is buried in the ground. This solution of simple installations is used for preheating and cooling fresh air drawn into the building through a mechanical ventilation system with heat recovery. In more complex applications it can be integrated with the source of heat and cold in passive buildings to create complete heating, cooling, and ventilation systems. In both cases, the air flowing through the exchanger is cooled and dried in summer, heated and humidified in winter, and filtered from pollen and bacteria all year. Direct contact of the deposit with the surrounding native soil facilitates rapid regeneration of the bed temperature. This article presents several proposals for integration with systems ensuring climatic comfort in a passive building, as exemplary applications. The paper presents preliminary estimates of energy (savings of up to 70% of electrical energy consumed), economic (SPBT = 3.65 years), and environmental (69.5% reduction in CO<sub>2</sub> emissions) benefits related to implementing this solution in various configurations of technological systems for buildings in Poland. The calculations were carried out for the city of Poznań, taking into account the hourly intervals and using the author’s code written in MS Excel. The analysis of the operation of the direct-contact gravel, ground, air heat exchanger (GGAHE) system is based on a theoretical heat and mass exchange model. The integrated solutions of technical systems presented in this article provide an interesting alternative to traditional heating, cooling, and ventilation systems.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/17/6110air direct-contactgravelground heat exchangerheating and cooling supportpassive buildings |
| spellingShingle | Bartosz Radomski Franciszek Kowalski Tomasz Mróz The Direct-Contact Gravel, Ground, Air Heat Exchanger—Application in Single-Family Residential Passive Buildings Energies air direct-contact gravel ground heat exchanger heating and cooling support passive buildings |
| title | The Direct-Contact Gravel, Ground, Air Heat Exchanger—Application in Single-Family Residential Passive Buildings |
| title_full | The Direct-Contact Gravel, Ground, Air Heat Exchanger—Application in Single-Family Residential Passive Buildings |
| title_fullStr | The Direct-Contact Gravel, Ground, Air Heat Exchanger—Application in Single-Family Residential Passive Buildings |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Direct-Contact Gravel, Ground, Air Heat Exchanger—Application in Single-Family Residential Passive Buildings |
| title_short | The Direct-Contact Gravel, Ground, Air Heat Exchanger—Application in Single-Family Residential Passive Buildings |
| title_sort | direct contact gravel ground air heat exchanger application in single family residential passive buildings |
| topic | air direct-contact gravel ground heat exchanger heating and cooling support passive buildings |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/17/6110 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bartoszradomski thedirectcontactgravelgroundairheatexchangerapplicationinsinglefamilyresidentialpassivebuildings AT franciszekkowalski thedirectcontactgravelgroundairheatexchangerapplicationinsinglefamilyresidentialpassivebuildings AT tomaszmroz thedirectcontactgravelgroundairheatexchangerapplicationinsinglefamilyresidentialpassivebuildings AT bartoszradomski directcontactgravelgroundairheatexchangerapplicationinsinglefamilyresidentialpassivebuildings AT franciszekkowalski directcontactgravelgroundairheatexchangerapplicationinsinglefamilyresidentialpassivebuildings AT tomaszmroz directcontactgravelgroundairheatexchangerapplicationinsinglefamilyresidentialpassivebuildings |