Activation of Peroxydisulfate by Bimetallic Nano Zero-Valent Iron for Waste-Activated Sludge Disintegration
Waste-activated sludge (WAS) disintegration using peroxydisulfate (PDS) has attracted scientific attention over the past few years. Despite several advantages offered by a sulfate radical-advanced oxidation process, there are still too many downsides of this treatment that limit its facile large-sca...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-05-01
|
| Series: | Catalysts |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/12/6/590 |
| _version_ | 1797489063258750976 |
|---|---|
| author | Barbara Socha Daniele Silvestri Klaudiusz Grübel Vinod V. T. Padil Mariusz Dudziak Farshid Ghanbari Miroslav Černík Stanisław Wacławek |
| author_facet | Barbara Socha Daniele Silvestri Klaudiusz Grübel Vinod V. T. Padil Mariusz Dudziak Farshid Ghanbari Miroslav Černík Stanisław Wacławek |
| author_sort | Barbara Socha |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Waste-activated sludge (WAS) disintegration using peroxydisulfate (PDS) has attracted scientific attention over the past few years. Despite several advantages offered by a sulfate radical-advanced oxidation process, there are still too many downsides of this treatment that limit its facile large-scale application. This study investigated whether modifying nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) with a second metal such as Ag and Cu enhanced the disruption of WAS. The disintegration efficiency was assessed using standard techniques, i.e., soluble chemical oxygen demand, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and a scanning electron microscope. The bimetallics were shown to have an improved disintegration efficiency of > 2.5-fold compared with the untreated sample. Furthermore, nZVI/Ag was found to be more efficient than nZVI/Cu for PDS activation, which was validated by the higher ratio (3 and 2.5 for nZVI/Ag and nZVI/Cu, respectively) between the soluble extracellular polymeric substances and the bound extracellular polymeric substances (S-EPS/B-EPS). Similar conclusions were derived from a SEM analysis. The improved disintegration efficiency could be related to the enhanced electron transfer from nZVI to PDS or the intrinsic properties of silver, which was found to be one of the best activators for PDS under homogeneous conditions. We believe that this study deepens the understanding of PDS heterogeneous activation processes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:11:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7254a3c081114051b9d4a89e7380d8fe |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4344 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:11:11Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Catalysts |
| spelling | doaj.art-7254a3c081114051b9d4a89e7380d8fe2023-11-23T15:58:56ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442022-05-0112659010.3390/catal12060590Activation of Peroxydisulfate by Bimetallic Nano Zero-Valent Iron for Waste-Activated Sludge DisintegrationBarbara Socha0Daniele Silvestri1Klaudiusz Grübel2Vinod V. T. Padil3Mariusz Dudziak4Farshid Ghanbari5Miroslav Černík6Stanisław Wacławek7Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 1402/2, 460 01 Liberec, Czech RepublicInstitute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 1402/2, 460 01 Liberec, Czech RepublicDepartment of Environmental Protection and Engineering, University of Bielsko-Biala, Willowa 2, 43-309 Bielsko-Biala, PolandInstitute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 1402/2, 460 01 Liberec, Czech RepublicDepartment of Water and Wastewater Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 18, 44-100 Gliwice, PolandResearch Center for Environmental Contaminants (RCEC), Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan 6313833177, IranInstitute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 1402/2, 460 01 Liberec, Czech RepublicInstitute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 1402/2, 460 01 Liberec, Czech RepublicWaste-activated sludge (WAS) disintegration using peroxydisulfate (PDS) has attracted scientific attention over the past few years. Despite several advantages offered by a sulfate radical-advanced oxidation process, there are still too many downsides of this treatment that limit its facile large-scale application. This study investigated whether modifying nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) with a second metal such as Ag and Cu enhanced the disruption of WAS. The disintegration efficiency was assessed using standard techniques, i.e., soluble chemical oxygen demand, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and a scanning electron microscope. The bimetallics were shown to have an improved disintegration efficiency of > 2.5-fold compared with the untreated sample. Furthermore, nZVI/Ag was found to be more efficient than nZVI/Cu for PDS activation, which was validated by the higher ratio (3 and 2.5 for nZVI/Ag and nZVI/Cu, respectively) between the soluble extracellular polymeric substances and the bound extracellular polymeric substances (S-EPS/B-EPS). Similar conclusions were derived from a SEM analysis. The improved disintegration efficiency could be related to the enhanced electron transfer from nZVI to PDS or the intrinsic properties of silver, which was found to be one of the best activators for PDS under homogeneous conditions. We believe that this study deepens the understanding of PDS heterogeneous activation processes.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/12/6/590waste-activated sludgechemical disintegrationnano zero-valent ironbimetallicperoxydisulfatechemical oxygen demand |
| spellingShingle | Barbara Socha Daniele Silvestri Klaudiusz Grübel Vinod V. T. Padil Mariusz Dudziak Farshid Ghanbari Miroslav Černík Stanisław Wacławek Activation of Peroxydisulfate by Bimetallic Nano Zero-Valent Iron for Waste-Activated Sludge Disintegration Catalysts waste-activated sludge chemical disintegration nano zero-valent iron bimetallic peroxydisulfate chemical oxygen demand |
| title | Activation of Peroxydisulfate by Bimetallic Nano Zero-Valent Iron for Waste-Activated Sludge Disintegration |
| title_full | Activation of Peroxydisulfate by Bimetallic Nano Zero-Valent Iron for Waste-Activated Sludge Disintegration |
| title_fullStr | Activation of Peroxydisulfate by Bimetallic Nano Zero-Valent Iron for Waste-Activated Sludge Disintegration |
| title_full_unstemmed | Activation of Peroxydisulfate by Bimetallic Nano Zero-Valent Iron for Waste-Activated Sludge Disintegration |
| title_short | Activation of Peroxydisulfate by Bimetallic Nano Zero-Valent Iron for Waste-Activated Sludge Disintegration |
| title_sort | activation of peroxydisulfate by bimetallic nano zero valent iron for waste activated sludge disintegration |
| topic | waste-activated sludge chemical disintegration nano zero-valent iron bimetallic peroxydisulfate chemical oxygen demand |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/12/6/590 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT barbarasocha activationofperoxydisulfatebybimetallicnanozerovalentironforwasteactivatedsludgedisintegration AT danielesilvestri activationofperoxydisulfatebybimetallicnanozerovalentironforwasteactivatedsludgedisintegration AT klaudiuszgrubel activationofperoxydisulfatebybimetallicnanozerovalentironforwasteactivatedsludgedisintegration AT vinodvtpadil activationofperoxydisulfatebybimetallicnanozerovalentironforwasteactivatedsludgedisintegration AT mariuszdudziak activationofperoxydisulfatebybimetallicnanozerovalentironforwasteactivatedsludgedisintegration AT farshidghanbari activationofperoxydisulfatebybimetallicnanozerovalentironforwasteactivatedsludgedisintegration AT miroslavcernik activationofperoxydisulfatebybimetallicnanozerovalentironforwasteactivatedsludgedisintegration AT stanisławwacławek activationofperoxydisulfatebybimetallicnanozerovalentironforwasteactivatedsludgedisintegration |