Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Improves Neurological Function and Promotes the Anti-inflammatory Polarization of Microglia in Ischemic Rats
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a severe neurological disease that is difficult to recovery. Previous studies have shown that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a promising therapeutic approach, while the exact therapy mechanisms of rTMS in improving neural functional recovery remain unc...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncel.2022.878345/full |
| _version_ | 1819060317916758016 |
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| author | Jing Luo Yuan Feng Mingyue Li Mingyu Yin Feng Qin Xiquan Hu |
| author_facet | Jing Luo Yuan Feng Mingyue Li Mingyu Yin Feng Qin Xiquan Hu |
| author_sort | Jing Luo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ischemic stroke (IS) is a severe neurological disease that is difficult to recovery. Previous studies have shown that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a promising therapeutic approach, while the exact therapy mechanisms of rTMS in improving neural functional recovery remain unclear. Furthermore, the inflammatory environment may influence the rehabilitation efficacy. Our study shows that long-term rTMS stimulation will significantly promote neurogenesis, inhibit apoptosis, and control inflammation. rTMS inhibits the activation of transcription factors nuclear factor kappa b (NF-κB) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) and promotes the anti-inflammatory polarization of microglia. Obvious promotion of anti-inflammatory cytokines production is observed both in vitro and in vivo through rTMS stimulation on microglia. In addition, neural stem cells (NSCs) cultured in conditioned medium (CM) from microglia treated with rTMS showed downregulation of apoptosis and upregulation of neuronal differentiation. Overall, our results illustrate that rTMS can modulate microglia with anti-inflammatory polarization variation, promote neurogenesis, and improve neural function recovery. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T14:25:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-72562b6ffe7b40e0a5b2c3c8925e076f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5102 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T14:25:05Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-72562b6ffe7b40e0a5b2c3c8925e076f2022-12-21T19:00:39ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience1662-51022022-04-011610.3389/fncel.2022.878345878345Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Improves Neurological Function and Promotes the Anti-inflammatory Polarization of Microglia in Ischemic RatsJing Luo0Yuan Feng1Mingyue Li2Mingyu Yin3Feng Qin4Xiquan Hu5Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Lingnan Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaIschemic stroke (IS) is a severe neurological disease that is difficult to recovery. Previous studies have shown that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a promising therapeutic approach, while the exact therapy mechanisms of rTMS in improving neural functional recovery remain unclear. Furthermore, the inflammatory environment may influence the rehabilitation efficacy. Our study shows that long-term rTMS stimulation will significantly promote neurogenesis, inhibit apoptosis, and control inflammation. rTMS inhibits the activation of transcription factors nuclear factor kappa b (NF-κB) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) and promotes the anti-inflammatory polarization of microglia. Obvious promotion of anti-inflammatory cytokines production is observed both in vitro and in vivo through rTMS stimulation on microglia. In addition, neural stem cells (NSCs) cultured in conditioned medium (CM) from microglia treated with rTMS showed downregulation of apoptosis and upregulation of neuronal differentiation. Overall, our results illustrate that rTMS can modulate microglia with anti-inflammatory polarization variation, promote neurogenesis, and improve neural function recovery.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncel.2022.878345/fullrehabilitationrepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulationischemic strokeinflammationmicroglia |
| spellingShingle | Jing Luo Yuan Feng Mingyue Li Mingyu Yin Feng Qin Xiquan Hu Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Improves Neurological Function and Promotes the Anti-inflammatory Polarization of Microglia in Ischemic Rats Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience rehabilitation repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation ischemic stroke inflammation microglia |
| title | Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Improves Neurological Function and Promotes the Anti-inflammatory Polarization of Microglia in Ischemic Rats |
| title_full | Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Improves Neurological Function and Promotes the Anti-inflammatory Polarization of Microglia in Ischemic Rats |
| title_fullStr | Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Improves Neurological Function and Promotes the Anti-inflammatory Polarization of Microglia in Ischemic Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Improves Neurological Function and Promotes the Anti-inflammatory Polarization of Microglia in Ischemic Rats |
| title_short | Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Improves Neurological Function and Promotes the Anti-inflammatory Polarization of Microglia in Ischemic Rats |
| title_sort | repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation improves neurological function and promotes the anti inflammatory polarization of microglia in ischemic rats |
| topic | rehabilitation repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation ischemic stroke inflammation microglia |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncel.2022.878345/full |
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