Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review
Objective To identify, describe and map the research tools used to measure COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, refusal, acceptance and access in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).Design Scoping review.Methods In March 2022, we searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, Academic Search Premier, MEDLINE, Cumul...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMJ Publishing Group
2022-11-01
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| Series: | BMJ Open |
| Online Access: | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/12/11/e066615.full |
| _version_ | 1811189403311144960 |
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| author | Michael J Deml Jennifer Nyawira Githaiga |
| author_facet | Michael J Deml Jennifer Nyawira Githaiga |
| author_sort | Michael J Deml |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective To identify, describe and map the research tools used to measure COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, refusal, acceptance and access in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).Design Scoping review.Methods In March 2022, we searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, Academic Search Premier, MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Health Source Nursing, Africa Wide and APA PsychInfo for peer-reviewed literature in English related to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, refusal, acceptance and access in SSA. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews to guide evidence gathering and as a template to present the evidence retrieval process.Results In the studies selected for review (n=72), several measurement tools were used to measure COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, acceptance and refusal. These measurements were willingness and intent to vaccinate from the perspectives of the general population, special population groups such as mothers, students and staff in academic institutions and healthcare workers and uptake as a proxy for measuring assumed COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. Measurements of access to COVID-19 vaccination were cost and affordability, convenience, distance and time to travel or time waiting for a vaccine and (dis)comfort. Although all studies measured COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, acceptance and refusal, relatively few studies (n=16, 22.2%) included explicit measurements of access to COVID-19 vaccination.Conclusions Based on the gaps identified in the scoping review, we propose that future research on determinants of COVID-19 vaccination in SSA should further prioritise the inclusion of access-related variables. We recommend the development and use of standardised research tools that can operationalise, measure and disentangle the complex determinants of vaccine uptake in future studies throughout SSA and other low- and middle-income country (LMIC) settings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:35:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-727c4e25efff406d84962d6cfb79603b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2044-6055 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:35:14Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMJ Open |
| spelling | doaj.art-727c4e25efff406d84962d6cfb79603b2022-12-22T04:18:21ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552022-11-01121110.1136/bmjopen-2022-066615Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping reviewMichael J Deml0Jennifer Nyawira Githaiga1Institute of Sociological Research, Department of Sociology, University of Geneva, Geneva, SwitzerlandDivision of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaObjective To identify, describe and map the research tools used to measure COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, refusal, acceptance and access in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).Design Scoping review.Methods In March 2022, we searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, Academic Search Premier, MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Health Source Nursing, Africa Wide and APA PsychInfo for peer-reviewed literature in English related to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, refusal, acceptance and access in SSA. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews to guide evidence gathering and as a template to present the evidence retrieval process.Results In the studies selected for review (n=72), several measurement tools were used to measure COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, acceptance and refusal. These measurements were willingness and intent to vaccinate from the perspectives of the general population, special population groups such as mothers, students and staff in academic institutions and healthcare workers and uptake as a proxy for measuring assumed COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. Measurements of access to COVID-19 vaccination were cost and affordability, convenience, distance and time to travel or time waiting for a vaccine and (dis)comfort. Although all studies measured COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, acceptance and refusal, relatively few studies (n=16, 22.2%) included explicit measurements of access to COVID-19 vaccination.Conclusions Based on the gaps identified in the scoping review, we propose that future research on determinants of COVID-19 vaccination in SSA should further prioritise the inclusion of access-related variables. We recommend the development and use of standardised research tools that can operationalise, measure and disentangle the complex determinants of vaccine uptake in future studies throughout SSA and other low- and middle-income country (LMIC) settings.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/12/11/e066615.full |
| spellingShingle | Michael J Deml Jennifer Nyawira Githaiga Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review BMJ Open |
| title | Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review |
| title_full | Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review |
| title_fullStr | Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review |
| title_short | Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review |
| title_sort | determinants of covid 19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake in sub saharan africa a scoping review |
| url | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/12/11/e066615.full |
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