Phytostabilization of Phosphate Mine Wastes Used as a Store-and-Release Cover to Control Acid Mine Drainage in a Semiarid Climate
The abandoned Kettara pyrrhotite mine, located near Marrakech, Morocco, is an acid mine drainage (AMD) producer site. A store-and-release cover system made of phosphate wastes was built to prevent water infiltration and the formation of AMD. This cover system should be vegetated with appropriate pla...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-04-01
|
| Series: | Plants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/5/900 |
| _version_ | 1797535782637928448 |
|---|---|
| author | Meryem El Berkaoui Mariam El Adnani Rachid Hakkou Ahmed Ouhammou Najib Bendaou Abdelaziz Smouni |
| author_facet | Meryem El Berkaoui Mariam El Adnani Rachid Hakkou Ahmed Ouhammou Najib Bendaou Abdelaziz Smouni |
| author_sort | Meryem El Berkaoui |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The abandoned Kettara pyrrhotite mine, located near Marrakech, Morocco, is an acid mine drainage (AMD) producer site. A store-and-release cover system made of phosphate wastes was built to prevent water infiltration and the formation of AMD. This cover system should be vegetated with appropriate plants to ensure its long-term sustainability and allow its reintegration in the surrounding ecosystem. Several indigenous plant species were studied. The choice of plant species was based mainly on their tolerance to trace elements contained in the phosphate wastes, and their low capacity to translocate these metals to their aboveground parts in order to limit the risk of pollutants transfer along the food chain. The main metals and metalloids (As, Cd, Co, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cr) are determined in 13 dominant plants naturally colonizing the store-and-release cover and their rhizospheric soils. The results showed that the phosphate cover contained high concentrations of Cr (138.04 mg/kg), Cu (119.86 mg/kg) and Cd (10.67 mg/kg) exceeding the regulatory thresholds values (Cr > 100 mg/kg, Cu > 100 mg/kg, Cd > 3 mg/kg). The studied plants revealed no hyper-accumulation of metals and metalloids, and lower concentrations in shoots than in roots. Six species (<i>Plantago afra, Festuca ovina, Aizoon hispanicum, Herniaria cinerea, Echium plantagineum</i> and <i>Asphodelus tenuifolius</i>) have bioconcentration factors greater than 1, and weak translocation factors, identifying them as appropriate candidates for phytostabilization of the phosphate cover. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:50:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-72996993e6474608b0898dc8f6b48f74 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:50:11Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-72996993e6474608b0898dc8f6b48f742023-11-21T17:48:03ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472021-04-0110590010.3390/plants10050900Phytostabilization of Phosphate Mine Wastes Used as a Store-and-Release Cover to Control Acid Mine Drainage in a Semiarid ClimateMeryem El Berkaoui0Mariam El Adnani1Rachid Hakkou2Ahmed Ouhammou3Najib Bendaou4Abdelaziz Smouni5Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Laboratoire Mixte International–LMI AMIR, Research Center on Plant and Microbial Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10001, MoroccoMining and Environmental Engineering Laboratory, National School of Mines of Rabat, l, av. Hadj Ahmed Cherkaoui, BP 753, Rabat 53000, MoroccoIMED-Lab, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Cadi Ayyad University, BP 549, Marrakech 40000, MoroccoLaboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Agrosciences and Environment, Faculty of Sciences-Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, BP 2390, Marrakech 40000, MoroccoLaboratory of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Laboratoire Mixte International–LMI AMIR, Research Center on Plant and Microbial Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10001, MoroccoLaboratory of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Laboratoire Mixte International–LMI AMIR, Research Center on Plant and Microbial Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10001, MoroccoThe abandoned Kettara pyrrhotite mine, located near Marrakech, Morocco, is an acid mine drainage (AMD) producer site. A store-and-release cover system made of phosphate wastes was built to prevent water infiltration and the formation of AMD. This cover system should be vegetated with appropriate plants to ensure its long-term sustainability and allow its reintegration in the surrounding ecosystem. Several indigenous plant species were studied. The choice of plant species was based mainly on their tolerance to trace elements contained in the phosphate wastes, and their low capacity to translocate these metals to their aboveground parts in order to limit the risk of pollutants transfer along the food chain. The main metals and metalloids (As, Cd, Co, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cr) are determined in 13 dominant plants naturally colonizing the store-and-release cover and their rhizospheric soils. The results showed that the phosphate cover contained high concentrations of Cr (138.04 mg/kg), Cu (119.86 mg/kg) and Cd (10.67 mg/kg) exceeding the regulatory thresholds values (Cr > 100 mg/kg, Cu > 100 mg/kg, Cd > 3 mg/kg). The studied plants revealed no hyper-accumulation of metals and metalloids, and lower concentrations in shoots than in roots. Six species (<i>Plantago afra, Festuca ovina, Aizoon hispanicum, Herniaria cinerea, Echium plantagineum</i> and <i>Asphodelus tenuifolius</i>) have bioconcentration factors greater than 1, and weak translocation factors, identifying them as appropriate candidates for phytostabilization of the phosphate cover.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/5/900mine wasterehabilitationphytostabilizationmetals and metalloidsbioaccumulationstore-and-release cover |
| spellingShingle | Meryem El Berkaoui Mariam El Adnani Rachid Hakkou Ahmed Ouhammou Najib Bendaou Abdelaziz Smouni Phytostabilization of Phosphate Mine Wastes Used as a Store-and-Release Cover to Control Acid Mine Drainage in a Semiarid Climate Plants mine waste rehabilitation phytostabilization metals and metalloids bioaccumulation store-and-release cover |
| title | Phytostabilization of Phosphate Mine Wastes Used as a Store-and-Release Cover to Control Acid Mine Drainage in a Semiarid Climate |
| title_full | Phytostabilization of Phosphate Mine Wastes Used as a Store-and-Release Cover to Control Acid Mine Drainage in a Semiarid Climate |
| title_fullStr | Phytostabilization of Phosphate Mine Wastes Used as a Store-and-Release Cover to Control Acid Mine Drainage in a Semiarid Climate |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phytostabilization of Phosphate Mine Wastes Used as a Store-and-Release Cover to Control Acid Mine Drainage in a Semiarid Climate |
| title_short | Phytostabilization of Phosphate Mine Wastes Used as a Store-and-Release Cover to Control Acid Mine Drainage in a Semiarid Climate |
| title_sort | phytostabilization of phosphate mine wastes used as a store and release cover to control acid mine drainage in a semiarid climate |
| topic | mine waste rehabilitation phytostabilization metals and metalloids bioaccumulation store-and-release cover |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/5/900 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT meryemelberkaoui phytostabilizationofphosphateminewastesusedasastoreandreleasecovertocontrolacidminedrainageinasemiaridclimate AT mariameladnani phytostabilizationofphosphateminewastesusedasastoreandreleasecovertocontrolacidminedrainageinasemiaridclimate AT rachidhakkou phytostabilizationofphosphateminewastesusedasastoreandreleasecovertocontrolacidminedrainageinasemiaridclimate AT ahmedouhammou phytostabilizationofphosphateminewastesusedasastoreandreleasecovertocontrolacidminedrainageinasemiaridclimate AT najibbendaou phytostabilizationofphosphateminewastesusedasastoreandreleasecovertocontrolacidminedrainageinasemiaridclimate AT abdelazizsmouni phytostabilizationofphosphateminewastesusedasastoreandreleasecovertocontrolacidminedrainageinasemiaridclimate |